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normal


  5  definitions  found 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Normal  \Nor"mal\,  a.  [L.  normalis  fr  norma  rule  pattern, 
  carpenter's  square;  prob.  akin  to  noscere  to  know  cf  Gr  ? 
  well  known  ?  gnomon,  also  carpenter's  square:  cf  F. 
  normal.  See  {Known},  and  cf  {Abnormal},  {Enormous}.] 
  1.  According  to  an  established  norm,  rule  or  principle; 
  conformed  to  a  type  standard,  or  regular  form  performing 
  the  proper  functions;  not  abnormal;  regular;  natural; 
  analogical. 
 
  Deviations  from  the  normal  type  --Hallam. 
 
  2.  (Geom.)  According  to  a  square  or  rule  perpendicular; 
  forming  a  right  angle.  Specifically:  Of  or  pertaining  to  a 
  normal. 
 
  3.  (Chem.)  Standard;  original;  exact;  typical.  Specifically: 
  a  (Quantitative  Analysis)  Denoting  a  solution  of  such 
  strength  that  every  cubic  centimeter  contains  the  same 
  number  of  milligrams  of  the  element  in  question  as  the 
  number  of  its  molecular  weight. 
  b  (Chem.)  Denoting  certain  hypothetical  compounds,  as 
  acids  from  which  the  real  acids  are  obtained  by 
  dehydration;  thus  normal  sulphuric  acid  and  normal 
  nitric  acid  are  respectively  {S(OH)6},  and  {N(OH)5}. 
  c  (Organ.  Chem.)  Denoting  that  series  of  hydrocarbons  in 
  which  no  carbon  atom  is  united  with  more  than  two 
  other  carbon  atoms;  as  normal  pentane,  hexane,  etc 
  Cf  {Iso-}. 
 
  {Normal  equations}  (Method  of  Least  Squares),  a  set  of 
  equations  of  the  first  degree  equal  in  number  to  the 
  number  of  unknown  quantities,  and  derived  from  the 
  observations  by  a  specified  process.  The  solution  of  the 
  normal  equations  gives  the  most  probable  values  of  the 
  unknown  quantities. 
 
  {Normal  group}  (Geol.),  a  group  of  rocks  taken  as  a  standard. 
  --Lyell. 
 
  {Normal  place}  (of  a  planet  or  comet)  (Astron.),  the  apparent 
  place  in  the  heavens  of  a  planet  or  comet  at  a  specified 
  time,  the  place  having  been  determined  by  a  considerable 
  number  of  observations,  extending  perhaps  over  many  days, 
  and  so  combined  that  the  accidental  errors  of  observation 
  have  largely  balanced  each  other 
 
  {Normal  school},  a  school  whose  methods  of  instruction  are  to 
  serve  as  a  model  for  imitation;  an  institution  for  the 
  training  of  teachers. 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Normal  \Nor"mal\,  n.  [Cf.  F.  normale,  ligne  normale.  See 
  {Normal},  a.] 
  1.  (Geom.)  Any  perpendicular. 
 
  2.  (Geom.)  A  straight  line  or  plane  drawn  from  any  point  of  a 
  curve  or  surface  so  as  to  be  perpendicular  to  the  curve  or 
  surface  at  that  point. 
 
  Note:  The  term  normal  is  also  used  to  denote  the  distance 
  along  the  normal  line  from  the  curve  to  the  axis  of 
  abscissas  or  to  the  center  of  curvature. 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Fault  \Fault\,  n. 
  1.  (Elec.)  A  defective  point  in  an  electric  circuit  due  to  a 
  crossing  of  the  parts  of  the  conductor,  or  to  contact  with 
  another  conductor  or  the  earth,  or  to  a  break  in  the 
  circuit. 
 
  2.  (Geol.  &  Mining)  A  dislocation  caused  by  a  slipping  of 
  rock  masses  along  a  plane  of  facture;  also  the  dislocated 
  structure  resulting  from  such  slipping. 
 
  Note:  The  surface  along  which  the  dislocated  masses  have 
  moved  is  called  the 
 
  {fault  plane}.  When  this  plane  is  vertical,  the  fault  is  a 
 
  {vertical  fault};  when  its  inclination  is  such  that  the 
  present  relative  position  of  the  two  masses  could  have 
  been  produced  by  the  sliding  down  along  the  fault  plane, 
  of  the  mass  on  its  upper  side  the  fault  is  a 
 
  {normal},  or  {gravity},  {fault}.  When  the  fault  plane  is  so 
  inclined  that  the  mass  on  its  upper  side  has  moved  up 
  relatively,  the  fault  is  then  called  a 
 
  {reverse}  (or  {reversed}),  {thrust},  or  {overthrust}, 
  {fault}.  If  no  vertical  displacement  has  resulted,  the  fault 
  is  then  called  a 
 
  {horizontal  fault}.  The  linear  extent  of  the  dislocation 
  measured  on  the  fault  plane  and  in  the  direction  of 
  movement  is  the 
 
  {displacement};  the  vertical  displacement  is  the 
 
  {throw};  the  horizontal  displacement  is  the 
 
  {heave}.  The  direction  of  the  line  of  intersection  of  the 
  fault  plane  with  a  horizontal  plane  is  the 
 
  {trend}  of  the  fault.  A  fault  is  a 
 
  {strike  fault}  when  its  trend  coincides  approximately  with 
  the  strike  of  associated  strata  (i.e.,  the  line  of 
  intersection  of  the  plane  of  the  strata  with  a  horizontal 
  plane);  it  is  a 
 
  {dip  fault}  when  its  trend  is  at  right  angles  to  the  strike; 
  an 
 
  {oblique  fault}  when  its  trend  is  oblique  to  the  strike. 
  Oblique  faults  and  dip  faults  are  sometimes  called 
 
  {cross  faults}.  A  series  of  closely  associated  parallel 
  faults  are  sometimes  called 
 
  {step  faults}  and  sometimes 
 
  {distributive  faults}. 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  normal 
  adj  1:  conforming  with  or  constituting  a  norm  or  standard  or  level 
  or  type  or  social  norm;  not  abnormal;  "serve  wine  at 
  normal  room  temperature";  "normal  diplomatic 
  relations";  "normal  working  hours";  "normal  word 
  order";  "normal  curiosity";  "the  normal  course  of 
  events"  [ant:  {abnormal}] 
  2:  in  accordance  with  scientific  laws  [ant:  {paranormal}] 
  3:  (psychology)  being  approximately  average  or  within  certain 
  limits  in  e.g.  intelligence  and  development;  "a  perfectly 
  normal  child";  "of  normal  intelligence";  "the  most  normal 
  person  I've  ever  met"  [ant:  {abnormal}] 
  4:  (geometry)  forming  a  right  angle 
  n  :  something  regarded  as  a  normative  example;  "the  convention 
  of  not  naming  the  main  character";  "violence  is  the  rule 
  not  the  exception";  "his  formula  for  impressing  visitors" 
  [syn:  {convention},  {pattern},  {rule},  {formula}] 
 
  From  U.S.  Gazetteer  (1990)  [gazetteer]: 
 
  Normal,  IL  (town,  FIPS  53234) 
  Location:  40.51737  N,  88.99941  W 
  Population  (1990):  40023  (12300  housing  units) 
  Area:  31.5  sq  km  (land),  0.0  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  61761 




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