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tanzaniamore about tanzania

tanzania


  2  definitions  found 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Tanzania 
  n  :  a  republic  in  eastern  Africa  [syn:  {Tanzania}] 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Tanzania 
 
  Tanzania:Geography 
 
  Location:  Eastern  Africa,  bordering  the  Indian  Ocean,  between  Kenya 
  and  Mozambique 
 
  Map  references:  Africa 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  945,090  sq  km 
  land  area:  886,040  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  larger  than  twice  the  size  of  California 
  note:  includes  the  islands  of  Mafia,  Pemba,  and  Zanzibar 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  3,402  km  Burundi  451  km  Kenya  769  km  Malawi 
  475  km  Mozambique  756  km  Rwanda  217  km  Uganda  396  km  Zambia  338  km 
 
  Coastline:  1,424  km 
 
  Maritime  claims: 
  exclusive  economic  zone:  200  nm 
  territorial  sea:  12  nm 
 
  International  disputes:  boundary  dispute  with  Malawi  in  Lake  Nyasa; 
  Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia  tripoint  in  Lake  Tanganyika  may  no  longer  be 
  indefinite  since  it  is  reported  that  the  indefinite  section  of  the 
  Zaire-Zambia  boundary  has  been  settled 
 
  Climate:  varies  from  tropical  along  coast  to  temperate  in  highlands 
 
  Terrain:  plains  along  coast;  central  plateau;  highlands  in  north, 
  south 
 
  Natural  resources:  hydropower  potential,  tin,  phosphates,  iron  ore, 
  coal,  diamonds,  gemstones,  gold,  natural  gas,  nickel 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  5% 
  permanent  crops:  1% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  40% 
  forest  and  woodland:  47% 
  other:  7% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  1,530  sq  km  (1989  est.) 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  soil  degradation;  deforestation;  desertification 
  destruction  of  coral  reefs  threatens  marine  habitats;  recent  droughts 
  affected  marginal  agriculture 
  natural  hazards:  the  tsetse  fly  and  lack  of  water  limit  agriculture; 
  flooding  on  the  central  plateau  during  the  rainy  season 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Endangered  Species,  Hazardous 
  Wastes,  Law  of  the  Sea,  Nuclear  Test  Ban,  Ozone  Layer  Protection; 
  signed,  but  not  ratified  -  Biodiversity,  Climate  Change, 
  Desertification 
 
  Note:  Mount  Kilimanjaro  is  highest  point  in  Africa 
 
  Tanzania:People 
 
  Population:  28,701,077  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  47%  (female  6,724,575;  male  6,676,652) 
  15-64  years:  50%  (female  7,462,615;  male  7,027,551) 
  65  years  and  over:  3%  (female  425,211;  male  384,473)  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  2.55%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  45.25  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  19.81  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  NA  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
  note:  in  February  1995,  a  fresh  influx  of  refugees  from  civil  strife 
  in  Burundi  brought  the  total  number  of  Burundian  refugees  in  Tanzania 
  to  about  60,000;  in  addition,  since  April  1994  more  than  a  half 
  million  refugees  from  Rwanda  have  taken  refuge  in  Tanzania  to  escape 
  civil  strife  in  Rwanda 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  109  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  42.53  years 
  male:  40.88  years 
  female:  44.22  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  6.15  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Tanzanian(s) 
  adjective:  Tanzanian 
 
  Ethnic  divisions: 
  mainland:  native  African  99%  (consisting  of  well  over  100  tribes), 
  Asian,  European,  and  Arab  1% 
  Zanzibar:  NA 
 
  Religions: 
  mainland:  Christian  45%,  Muslim  35%,  indigenous  beliefs  20% 
  Zanzibar:  Muslim  99%  plus 
 
  Languages:  Swahili  (official;  widely  understood  and  generally  used  for 
  communication  between  ethnic  groups  and  is  used  in  primary  education), 
  English  (official;  primary  language  of  commerce,  administration,  and 
  higher  education) 
  note:  first  language  of  most  people  is  one  of  the  local  languages 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  has  ability  to  read  and  write  a  letter  or 
  message  in  Kisahili  (1988) 
  total  population:  59% 
  male:  71% 
  female:  48% 
 
  Labor  force:  732,200  wage  earners 
  by  occupation:  agriculture  90%,  industry  and  commerce  10%  (1986  est.) 
 
  Tanzania:Government 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  United  Republic  of  Tanzania 
  conventional  short  form:  Tanzania 
  former:  United  Republic  of  Tanganyika  and  Zanzibar 
 
  Digraph:  TZ 
 
  Type:  republic 
 
  Capital:  Dar  es  Salaam 
  note:  some  government  offices  have  been  transferred  to  Dodoma,  which 
  is  planned  as  the  new  national  capital  by  the  end  of  the  1990s 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  25  regions;  Arusha  Dar  es  Salaam,  Dodoma, 
  Iringa,  Kigoma  Kilimanjaro,  Lindi,  Mara,  Mbeya  Morogoro  Mtwara 
  Mwanza,  Pemba  North,  Pemba  South,  Pwani,  Rukwa  Ruvuma  Shinyanga 
  Singida  Tabora,  Tanga,  Zanzibar  Central/South,  Zanzibar  North, 
  Zanzibar  Urban/West,  Ziwa  Magharibi 
 
  Independence:  26  April  1964;  Tanganyika  became  independent  9  December 
  1961  (from  UN  trusteeship  under  British  administration);  Zanzibar 
  became  independent  19  December  1963  (from  UK);  Tanganyika  united  with 
  Zanzibar  26  April  1964  to  form  the  United  Republic  of  Tanganyika  and 
  Zanzibar;  renamed  United  Republic  of  Tanzania  29  October  1964 
 
  National  holiday:  Union  Day  26  April  (1964) 
 
  Constitution:  25  April  1977;  major  revisions  October  1984 
 
  Legal  system:  based  on  English  common  law;  judicial  review  of 
  legislative  acts  limited  to  matters  of  interpretation;  has  not 
  accepted  compulsory  ICJ  jurisdiction 
 
  Suffrage:  18  years  of  age;  universal 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state:  President  Ali  Hassan  MWINYI  (since  5  November  1985); 
  First  Vice  President  Cleopa  MSUYA  (since  5  December  1994);  Second  Vice 
  President  and  President  of  Zanzibar  Salmin  AMOUR  (since  9  November 
  1990)  election  last  held  28  October  1990  (next  to  be  held  29  October 
  1995);  results  -  Ali  Hassan  MWINYI  was  elected  without  opposition 
  head  of  government:  Prime  Minister  Cleopa  David  MSUYA  (since  7 
  December  1994) 
  cabinet:  Cabinet;  appointed  by  the  president  from  the  National 
  Assembly 
 
  Legislative  branch:  unicameral 
  National  Assembly  (Bunge):  elections  last  held  28  October  1990  (next 
  to  be  held  29  October  1995);  results  -  CCM  was  the  only  party;  seats  - 
  (241  total,  168  elected)  CCM  168 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Court  of  Appeal,  High  Court 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  Chama  Cha  Mapinduzi  (CCM  or 
  Revolutionary  Party),  Ali  Hassan  MWINYI  Civic  United  Front  (CUF), 
  James  MAPALALA  National  Convention  for  Construction  and  Reform 
  (NCCR),  Lyatonga  (Augustine)  MREMA  Union  for  Multiparty  Democracy 
  (UMD),  Abdullah  FUNDIKIRA  Chama  Cha  Demokrasia  na  Maendeleo 
  (CHADEMA),  Edwin  I.  M.  MTEI,  chairman;  Democratic  Party 
  (unregistered),  Reverend  MTIKLA 
 
  Member  of:  ACP,  AfDB  C,  CCC,  EADB,  ECA,  FAO,  FLS,  G-  6,  G-77,  GATT, 
  IAEA,  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICRM,  IDA,  IFAD,  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  IMO, 
  INTELSAT,  INTERPOL,  IOC,  ISO,  ITU,  NAM,  OAU,  SADC,  UN  UNCTAD  UNESCO, 
  UNHCR  UNIDO  UPU,  WCL,  WFTU  WHO  WIPO,  WMO,  WTO 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Charles  Musama  NYIRABU 
  chancery:  2139  R  Street  NW  Washington,  DC  20008 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  939-6125 
  FAX:  [1]  (202)  797-7408 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Brady  ANDERSON 
  embassy:  36  Laibon  Road  (off  Bagamoyo  Road),  Dar  es  Salaam 
  mailing  address:  P.  O.  Box  9123,  Dar  es  Salaam 
  telephone:  [255]  (51)  66010  through  66015 
  FAX:  [255]  (51)  66701 
 
  Flag:  divided  diagonally  by  a  yellow-edged  black  band  from  the  lower 
  hoist-side  corner;  the  upper  triangle  (hoist  side)  is  green  and  the 
  lower  triangle  is  blue 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  Tanzania  is  one  of  the  poorest  countries  in  the  world.  The 
  economy  is  heavily  dependent  on  agriculture,  which  accounts  for  about 
  58%  of  GDP,  provides  85%  of  exports,  and  employs  90%  of  the  work 
  force.  Topography  and  climatic  conditions,  however,  limit  cultivated 
  crops  to  only  5%  of  the  land  area.  Industry  accounts  for  8%  of  GDP  and 
  is  mainly  limited  to  processing  agricultural  products  and  light 
  consumer  goods.  The  economic  recovery  program  announced  in  mid-1986 
  has  generated  notable  increases  in  agricultural  production  and 
  financial  support  for  the  program  by  bilateral  donors.  The  World  Bank, 
  the  International  Monetary  Fund,  and  bilateral  donors  have  provided 
  funds  to  rehabilitate  Tanzania's  deteriorated  economic  infrastructure. 
  Growth  in  1991-94  has  featured  a  pickup  in  industrial  production  and  a 
  substantial  increase  in  output  of  minerals,  led  by  gold.  Recent 
  banking  reforms  have  helped  increase  private  sector  growth  and 
  investment. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $21  billion  (1994 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  3%  (1994  est.) 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $750  (1994  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  25%  (1994  est.) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  NA% 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $495  million 
  expenditures:  $631  million,  including  capital  expenditures  of  $118 
  million  (1990  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $462  million  (f.o.b.,  1994) 
  commodities:  coffee,  cotton,  tobacco,  tea,  cashew  nuts,  sisal 
  partners:  Germany,  UK  Japan,  Netherlands,  Kenya,  Hong  Kong,  US 
 
  Imports:  $1.4  billion  (c.i.f.,  1994) 
  commodities:  manufactured  goods,  machinery  and  transportation 
  equipment,  cotton  piece  goods,  crude  oil,  foodstuffs 
  partners:  Germany,  UK  US  Japan,  Italy,  Denmark 
 
  External  debt:  $6.7  billion  (1993) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  9.3%  (1990);  accounts  for  8%  of  GDP 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  440,000  kW 
  production:  880  million  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  30  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  primarily  agricultural  processing  (sugar,  beer, 
  cigarettes,  sisal  twine),  diamond  and  gold  mining,  oil  refining, 
  shoes,  cement,  textiles,  wood  products,  fertilizer 
 
  Agriculture:  accounts  for  about  58%  of  GDP;  cash  crops  -  coffee, 
  sisal,  tea,  cotton,  pyrethrum  (insecticide  made  from  chrysanthemums), 
  cashews,  tobacco,  cloves  (Zanzibar);  food  crops  -  corn,  wheat, 
  cassava,  bananas,  fruits,  vegetables;  small  numbers  of  cattle,  sheep, 
  and  goats;  not  self-sufficient  in  food  grain  production 
 
  Illicit  drugs:  growing  role  in  transshipment  of  Southwest  Asian  heroin 
  destined  for  European  and  US  markets 
 
  Economic  aid: 
  recipient:  US  commitments,  including  Ex-Im  (FY70-89),  $400  million; 
  Western  (non-US)  countries,  ODA  and  OOF  bilateral  commitments 
  (1970-89),  $9.8  billion;  OPEC  bilateral  aid  (1979-89),  $44  million; 
  Communist  countries  (1970-89),  $614  million 
 
  Currency:  1  Tanzanian  shilling  (TSh)  =  100  cents 
 
  Exchange  rates:  Tanzanian  shillings  (TSh)  per  US$1  -  523.40  (December 
  1994),  509.63  (1994),  405.27  (1993),  297.71  (1992),  219.16  (1991), 
  195.06  (1990) 
 
  Fiscal  year:  1  July  -  30  June 
 
  Tanzania:Transportation 
 
  Railroads: 
  total:  2,600  km  note  -  not  a  part  of  Tanzania  Railways  Corporation  is 
  the  Tanzania-Zambia  Railway  Authority  (TAZARA),  which  operates  1,860 
  km  of  1.067-m  narrow  gauge  track  between  Dar  es  Salaam  and  New  Kapiri 
  M'poshi  in  Zambia;  969  km  are  in  Tanzania  and  891  km  are  in  Zambia; 
  because  of  the  difference  in  gauge,  this  system  does  not  connect  to 
  Tanzania  Railways 
  narrow  gauge:  2,600  km  1.000-m  gauge 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  81,900  km 
  paved:  3,600  km 
  unpaved:  gravel,  crushed  stone  5,600  km  improved,  unimproved  earth 
  72,700  km 
 
  Inland  waterways:  Lake  Tanganyika,  Lake  Victoria,  Lake  Nyasa 
 
  Pipelines:  crude  oil  982  km 
 
  Ports:  Bukoba  Dar  es  Salaam,  Kigoma  Lindi,  Mkoani  Mtwara  Musoma 
  Mwanza,  Tanga,  Wete,  Zanzibar 
 
  Merchant  marine: 
  total:  7  ships  (1,000  GRT  or  over)  totaling  29,145  GRT/39,186  DWT 
  ships  by  type:  cargo  3,  oil  tanker  1,  passenger-cargo  2, 
  roll-on/roll-off  cargo  1 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  108 
  with  paved  runways  over  3,047  m:  2 
  with  paved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  2 
  with  paved  runways  1,524  to  2,437  m:  6 
  with  paved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  1 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  30 
  with  unpaved  runways  1,524  to  2,438  m:  16 
  with  unpaved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  51 
 
  Tanzania:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  103,800  telephones;  fair  system  operating  below 
  capacity 
  local:  NA 
  intercity:  open  wire,  microwave  radio  relay,  troposcatter 
  international:  2  satellite  earth  stations  -  1  Indian  Ocean  INTELSAT 
  and  1  Atlantic  Ocean  INTELSAT 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  12,  FM  4,  shortwave  0 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  2 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Tanzania:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  Tanzanian  People's  Defense  Force  (TPDF;  includes  Army,  Navy, 
  and  Air  Force),  paramilitary  Police  Field  Force  Unit,  Militia 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  6,188,455;  males  fit  for 
  military  service  3,584,912  (1995  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  exchange  rate  conversion  -  $69  million,  NA%  of 
  GDP  (FY94/95) 
 
 
 




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