3  definitions  found 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Togo 
  n  :  formerly  part  of  French  West  Africa  [syn:  {Togo}] 
 
  From  U.S.  Gazetteer  (1990)  [gazetteer]: 
 
  Togo,  MN 
  Zip  code(s):  55788 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Togo 
 
  Togo:Geography 
 
  Location:  Western  Africa,  bordering  the  North  Atlantic  Ocean,  between 
  Benin  and  Ghana 
 
  Map  references:  Africa 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  56,790  sq  km 
  land  area:  54,390  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  smaller  than  West  Virginia 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  1,647  km  Benin  644  km  Burkina  126  km  Ghana 
  877  km 
 
  Coastline:  56  km 
 
  Maritime  claims: 
  exclusive  economic  zone:  200  nm 
  territorial  sea:  30  nm 
 
  International  disputes:  none 
 
  Climate:  tropical;  hot,  humid  in  south;  semiarid  in  north 
 
  Terrain:  gently  rolling  savanna  in  north;  central  hills;  southern 
  plateau;  low  coastal  plain  with  extensive  lagoons  and  marshes 
 
  Natural  resources:  phosphates,  limestone,  marble 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  25% 
  permanent  crops:  1% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  4% 
  forest  and  woodland:  28% 
  other:  42% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  70  sq  km  (1989  est.) 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  deforestation  attributable  to  slash-and-burn 
  agriculture  and  the  use  of  wood  for  fuel;  recent  droughts  affecting 
  agriculture 
  natural  hazards:  hot,  dry  harmattan  wind  can  reduce  visibility  in 
  north  during  winter;  periodic  droughts 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Endangered  Species,  Law  of  the 
  Sea,  Nuclear  Test  Ban,  Ozone  Layer  Protection,  Ship  Pollution, 
  Tropical  Timber  83;  signed,  but  not  ratified  -  Biodiversity,  Climate 
  Change,  Desertification  Tropical  Timber  94 
 
  Togo:People 
 
  Population:  4,410,370  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  49%  (female  1,069,171;  male  1,079,999) 
  15-64  years:  49%  (female  1,121,685;  male  1,043,000) 
  65  years  and  over:  2%  (female  51,392;  male  45,123)  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  3.58%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  46.78  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  11.01  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  0  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  86.5  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  57.42  years 
  male:  55.29  years 
  female:  59.6  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  6.83  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Togolese  (singular  and  plural) 
  adjective:  Togolese 
 
  Ethnic  divisions:  37  tribes;  largest  and  most  important  are  Ewe,  Mina, 
  and  Kabye,  European  and  Syrian-Lebanese  under  1% 
 
  Religions:  indigenous  beliefs  70%,  Christian  20%,  Muslim  10% 
 
  Languages:  French  (official  and  the  language  of  commerce),  Ewe  and 
  Mina  (the  two  major  African  languages  in  the  south),  Dagomba  and  Kabye 
  (the  two  major  African  languages  in  the  north) 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  can  read  and  write  (1990  est.) 
  total  population:  43% 
  male:  56% 
  female:  31% 
 
  Labor  force:  NA 
  by  occupation:  agriculture  80% 
  note:  about  88,600  wage  earners,  evenly  divided  between  public  and 
  private  sectors 
 
  Togo:Government 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  Republic  of  Togo 
  conventional  short  form:  Togo 
  local  long  form:  Republique  Togolaise 
  local  short  form:  none 
  former:  French  Togo 
 
  Digraph:  TO 
 
  Type:  republic  under  transition  to  multiparty  democratic  rule 
 
  Capital:  Lome 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  23  circumscriptions  (circonscriptions, 
  singular  -  circonscription);  Amlame  (Amou),  Aneho  (Lacs),  Atakpame 
  (Ogou),  Badou  (Wawa),  Bafilo  (Assoli),  Bassar  (Bassari),  Dapango 
  (Tone),  Kande  (Keran),  Klouto  (Kloto),  Pagouda  (Binah),  Lama-Kara 
  (Kozah),  Lome  (Golfe),  Mango  (Oti),  Niamtougou  (Doufelgou),  Notse 
  (Haho),  Pagouda,  Sotouboua  Tabligbo  (Yoto),  Tchamba  Nyala, 
  Tchaoudjo  Tsevie  (Zio),  Vogan  Vo 
  note:  the  23  units  may  now  be  called  prefectures  (singular  - 
  prefecture)  and  reported  name  changes  for  individual  units  are 
  included  in  parentheses 
 
  Independence:  27  April  1960  (from  French-administered  UN  trusteeship) 
 
  National  holiday:  Independence  Day  27  April  (1960) 
 
  Constitution:  multiparty  draft  constitution  approved  by  High  Council 
  of  the  Republic  1  July  1992;  adopted  by  public  referendum  27  September 
  1992 
 
  Legal  system:  French-based  court  system 
 
  Suffrage:  NA  years  of  age;  universal  adult 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state:  President  Gen.  Gnassingbe  EYADEMA  (since  14  April 
  1967);  election  last  held  25  August  1993  (next  election  to  be  held  NA 
  1998);  all  major  opposition  parties  boycotted  the  election;  Gen. 
  EYADEMA  won  96.5%  of  the  vote 
  head  of  government:  Prime  Minister  Edem  KODJO  (since  April  1994) 
  cabinet:  Council  of  Ministers;  appointed  by  the  president  and  the 
  prime  minister 
 
  Legislative  branch:  unicameral 
  National  Assembly:  elections  last  held  6  and  20  February  1994  (next  to 
  be  held  NA);  results  -  percent  of  vote  by  party  NA  seats  -  (81  total) 
  CAR  36,  RPT  35,  UTD  7,  UJD  2,  CFN  1 
  note:  the  Supreme  Court  ordered  new  elections  for  3  seats  of  the 
  Action  Committee  for  Renewal  CAR  and  the  Togolese  Union  for 
  Democracy  (UTD),  lowering  their  total  to  34  and  6  seats,  respectively; 
  the  remaining  3  seats  have  not  been  filled 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Court  of  Appeal  (Cour  d'Appel),  Supreme  Court  (Cour 
  Supreme) 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  Rally  of  the  Togolese  People  (RPT), 
  President  Gen.  Gnassingbe  EYADEMA  Coordination  des  Forces  Nouvelles 
  (CFN),  Joseph  KOFFIGOH  The  Togolese  Union  for  Democracy  (UTD),  Edem 
  KODJO  The  Action  Committee  for  Renewal  (CAR),  Yao  AGBOYIBOR  The 
  Union  for  Democracy  and  Solidarity  (UDS),  Antoine  FOLLY;  The 
  Pan-African  Sociodemocrats  Group  (GSP),  an  alliance  of  three  radical 
  parties:  The  Democratic  Convention  of  African  Peoples  (CDPA),  Leopold 
  GNININVI  The  Party  for  Democracy  and  Renewal  (PDR),  Zarifou  AYEVA 
  The  Pan-African  Social  Party  (PSP),  Francis  AGBAGLI  The  Union  of 
  Forces  for  Change  (UFC),  Gilchrist  OLYMPIO  (in  exile);  Union  of 
  Justice  and  Democracy  (UJD),  Lal  TAXPANDJAN 
  note:  Rally  of  the  Togolese  People  (RPT)  led  by  President  EYADEMA  was 
  the  only  party  until  the  formation  of  multiple  parties  was  legalized 
  12  April  1991 
 
  Member  of:  ACCT,  ACP,  AfDB  CCC,  CEAO  (observer),  ECA,  ECOWAS 
  Entente,  FAO,  FZ  G-77,  GATT,  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICC,  ICFTU  ICRM,  IDA,  IFAD, 
  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  IMO,  INTELSAT,  INTERPOL,  IOC,  ITU,  MINURSO  NAM, 
  OAU,  UN  UNAMIR  UNCTAD  UNESCO,  UNIDO  UPU,  WADB,  WCL,  WFTU  WHO 
  WIPO,  WMO,  WTO 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  Charge  d'Affaires  Edem  Frederic  HEGBE 
  chancery:  2208  Massachusetts  Avenue  NW  Washington,  DC  20008 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  234-4212 
  FAX:  [1]  (202)  232-3190 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Johnny  YOUNG  (since  September  1994) 
  embassy:  Rue  Pelletier  Caventou  and  Rue  Vauban  Lome 
  mailing  address:  B.  P.  852,  Lome 
  telephone:  [228]  21  77  17,  21  29  91  through  21  29  94 
  FAX:  [228]  21  79  52 
 
  Flag:  five  equal  horizontal  bands  of  green  (top  and  bottom) 
  alternating  with  yellow;  there  is  a  white  five-pointed  star  on  a  red 
  square  in  the  upper  hoist-side  corner;  uses  the  popular  pan-African 
  colors  of  Ethiopia 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  The  economy  is  heavily  dependent  on  subsistence  agriculture, 
  which  accounts  for  about  half  of  GDP  and  provides  employment  for  80% 
  of  the  labor  force.  Primary  agricultural  exports  are  cocoa,  coffee, 
  and  cotton,  which  together  generate  about  30%  of  total  export 
  earnings.  Togo  is  self-sufficient  in  basic  foodstuffs  when  harvests 
  are  normal.  In  the  industrial  sector  phosphate  mining  is  by  far  the 
  most  important  activity,  although  it  has  suffered  from  the  collapse  of 
  world  phosphate  prices  and  increased  foreign  competition.  Togo  serves 
  as  a  regional  commercial  and  trade  center.  The  government's 
  decade-long  IMF  and  World  Bank  supported  effort  to  implement  economic 
  reform  measures  to  encourage  foreign  investment  and  bring  revenues  in 
  line  with  expenditures  has  stalled.  Political  unrest,  including 
  private  and  public  sector  strikes  throughout  1992  and  1993,  has 
  jeopardized  the  reform  program,  shrunk  the  tax  base,  and  disrupted 
  vital  economic  activity.  Although  strikes  had  ended  in  1994,  political 
  unrest  and  lack  of  funds  prevented  the  government  from  taking 
  advantage  of  the  50%  currency  devaluation  of  January  1994.  Resumption 
  of  World  Bank  and  IMF  flows  will  depend  on  implementation  of  several 
  controversial  moves  toward  privatization  and  on  downsizing  the 
  military,  on  which  the  regime  depends  to  stay  in  power. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $3.3  billion  (1993 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  NA% 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $800  (1993  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  0.5%  (1991  est.) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  NA% 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $284  million 
  expenditures:  $407  million,  including  capital  expenditures  of  $NA 
  (1991  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $221  million  (f.o.b.,  1993) 
  commodities:  phosphates,  cotton,  cocoa,  coffee 
  partners:  EC  40%,  Africa  16%,  US  1%  (1990) 
 
  Imports:  $292  million  (c.i.f.,  1993) 
  commodities:  machinery  and  equipment,  consumer  goods,  food,  chemical 
  products 
  partners:  EC  57%,  Africa  17%,  US  5%,  Japan  4%  (1990) 
 
  External  debt:  $1.3  billion  (1991) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  9%  (1991  est.);  accounts  for  20%  of 
  GDP 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  30,000  kW 
  production:  60  million  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  83  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  phosphate  mining,  agricultural  processing,  cement, 
  handicrafts,  textiles,  beverages 
 
  Agriculture:  accounts  for  49%  of  GDP;  cash  crops  -  coffee,  cocoa, 
  cotton;  food  crops  -  yams,  cassava,  corn,  beans,  rice,  millet, 
  sorghum;  livestock  production  not  significant;  annual  fish  catch  of 
  10,000-14,000  tons 
 
  Illicit  drugs:  increasingly  used  as  transit  hub  by  heroin  traffickers 
 
  Economic  aid: 
  recipient:  US  commitments,  including  Ex-Im  (FY70-90),  $142  million; 
  Western  (non-US)  countries,  ODA  and  OOF  bilateral  commitments 
  (1970-90),  $2  billion;  OPEC  bilateral  aid  (1979-89),  $35  million; 
  Communist  countries  (1970-89),  $51  million 
 
  Currency:  1  CFA  franc  CFAF  =  100  centimes 
 
  Exchange  rates:  Communaute  Financiere  Africaine  francs  CFAF  per  US$1 
  -  529.43  (January  1995),  555.20  (1994),  283.16  (1993),  264.69  (1992), 
  282.11  (1991),  272.26  (1990) 
  note:  the  official  rate  is  pegged  to  the  French  franc,  and  beginning 
  12  January  1994,  the  CFA  franc  was  devalued  to  CFAF  100  per  French 
  franc  from  CFAF  50  at  which  it  had  been  fixed  since  1948 
 
  Fiscal  year:  calendar  year 
 
  Togo:Transportation 
 
  Railroads: 
  total:  532  km 
  narrow  gauge:  532  km  1.000-m  gauge 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  6,462  km 
  paved:  1,762  km 
  unpaved:  unimproved  earth  4,700  km 
 
  Inland  waterways:  50  km  Mono  River 
 
  Ports:  Kpeme  Lome 
 
  Merchant  marine:  none 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  9 
  with  paved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  2 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  2 
  with  unpaved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  5 
 
  Togo:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  NA  telephones;  fair  system  based  on  network  of  radio 
  relay  routes  supplemented  by  open  wire  lines 
  local:  NA 
  intercity:  microwave  radio  relay  and  open  wire  lines 
  international:  1  Atlantic  Ocean  INTELSAT  and  1  SYMPHONIE  earth  station 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  2,  FM  0,  shortwave  0 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  3  (relays  2) 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Togo:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  Army,  Navy,  Air  Force,  Gendarmerie 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  936,270;  males  fit  for  military 
  service  491,578  (1995  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  exchange  rate  conversion  -  $48  million,  2.9%  of 
  GDP  (1993) 
 
 
 

browse words by letter
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
or search   thesauri dictionary search words