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salt |
13 definitions found From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Salt \Salt\, n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS & OFries salt, D. zout, G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr ?, Russ. sole, Ir & Gael. salann W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf {Sal}, {Salad}, {Salary}, {Saline}, {Sauce}, {Sausage}.] 1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with saline particles. 2. Hence flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning. Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . . we have some salt of our youth in us --Shak. 3. Hence also piquancy; wit; sense as Attic salt. 4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar. I out and bought some things among others a dozen of silver salts. --Pepys. 5. A sailor; -- usually qualified by old [Colloq.] Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping, clusters of old salts. --Hawthorne. 6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an acid and a base; thus sulphuric acid and iron form the salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol. Note: Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or acid salts. See Phrases below. 7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also an allowance or deduction; as his statements must be taken with a grain of salt. Ye are the salt of the earth. --Matt. v. 13. 8. pl Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt. 9. pl Marshes flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.] {Above the salt}, {Below the salt}, phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor relations. See {Saltfoot}. His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the salt. --B. Jonson {Acid salt} (Chem.) a A salt derived from an acid which has several replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially exchanged for metallic atoms or basic radicals; as acid potassium sulphate is an acid salt. b A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives an acid reaction; thus copper sulphate, which is composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is an acid salt in this sense though theoretically it is a neutral salt. {Alkaline salt} (Chem.), a salt which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate. {Amphid salt} (Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type formerly regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a basic oxide. [Obsolescent] {Basic salt} (Chem.) a A salt which contains more of the basic constituent than is required to neutralize the acid. b An alkaline salt. {Binary salt} (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical. {Double salt} (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by the union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium sulphate. See under {Double}. {Epsom salts}. See in the Vocabulary. {Essential salt} (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by crystallizing plant juices. {Ethereal salt}. (Chem.) See under {Ethereal}. {Glauber's salt} or {salts}. See in Vocabulary. {Haloid salt} (Chem.), a simple salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride. {Microcosmic salt}. (Chem.). See under {Microcosmic}. {Neutral salt}. (Chem.) a A salt in which the acid and base (in theory) neutralize each other b A salt which gives a neutral reaction. {Oxy salt} (Chem.), a salt derived from an oxygen acid. {Per salt} (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be derived from a peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.] {Permanent salt}, a salt which undergoes no change on exposure to the air. {Proto salt} (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or analogous compound. {Rochelle salt}. See under {Rochelle}. {Salt of amber} (Old Chem.), succinic acid. {Salt of colcothar} (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or sulphate of iron. {Salt of hartshorn}. (Old Chem.) a Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride. b Ammonium carbonate. Cf {Spirit of hartshorn}, under {Hartshorn}. {Salt of lemons}. (Chem.) See {Salt of sorrel}, below. {Salt of Saturn} (Old Chem.), sugar of lead; lead acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn. {Salt of Seignette}. Same as {Rochelle salt}. {Salt of soda} (Old Chem.), sodium carbonate. {Salt of sorrel} (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or potassium quadroxalate used as a solvent for ink stains; -- so called because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately called {salt of lemon}. {Salt of tartar} (Old Chem.), potassium carbonate; -- so called because formerly made by heating cream of tartar, or potassium tartrate. [Obs.] {Salt of Venus} (Old Chem.), blue vitriol; copper sulphate; -- the alchemical name of copper being Venus. {Salt of wisdom}. See {Alembroth}. {Sedative salt} (Old Med. Chem.), boric acid. {Sesqui salt} (Chem.), a salt derived from a sesquioxide base or analogous compound. {Spirit of salt}. (Chem.) See under {Spirit}. {Sulpho salt} (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Salt \Salt\, a. [Compar. {Salter}; superl. {Saltest}.] [AS. sealt, salt. See {Salt}, n.] 1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in or containing, salt; prepared or preserved with or tasting of salt; salted; as salt beef; salt water. ``Salt tears.'' --Chaucer. 2. Overflowed with or growing in salt water; as a salt marsh; salt grass. 3. Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent. I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me --Shak. 4. Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful. --Shak. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Salt \Salt\, v. i. To deposit salt as a saline solution; as the brine begins to salt. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Salt \Salt\, n. [L. saltus fr salire to leap.] The act of leaping or jumping; a leap. [Obs.] --B. Jonson From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Salt \Salt\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Salted}; p. pr & vb n. {Salting}.] 1. To sprinkle, impregnate, or season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with salt; as to salt fish, beef, or pork; to salt cattle. 2. To fill with salt between the timbers and planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber. {To salt a mine}, to artfully deposit minerals in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value. [Cant] {To salt away}, {To salt down}, to prepare with or pack in salt for preserving, as meat, eggs, etc.; hence colloquially, to save, lay up or invest sagely, as money. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Epsom salts \Ep"som salts`\ or salt \salt`\ (Med.) Sulphate of magnesia having cathartic qualities; -- originally prepared by boiling down the mineral waters at Epsom, England, -- whence the name afterwards prepared from sea water; but now from certain minerals, as from siliceous hydrate of magnesia. From WordNet r 1.6 [wn]: salt adj 1: containing or filled with salt; "salt water" [ant: {fresh}] 2: (rare; of speech) painful; bitter; "salt scorn"- Shakespeare; "a salt apology" 3: one of the four basic taste sensations; like the taste of sea water [syn: {salty}] 4: (used especially of meats) preserved in salt [syn: {salt(a)}, {salted}, {salt-cured}] n 1: a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal) 2: white crystalline form of especially sodium chloride used to season and preserve food [syn: {table salt}, {common salt}] 3: negotiations between the US and the USSR opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons [syn: {Strategic Arms Limitation Talks}, {SALT}] 4: the taste experience when salt is taken into the mouth [syn: {saltiness}, {salinity}] v 1: add salt to 2: preserve with salt, as of meats From Jargon File (4.2.3, 23 NOV 2000) [jargon]: salt n. A tiny bit of near-random data inserted where too much regularity would be undesirable; a data {frob} (sense 1). For example, the Unix crypt(3) man page mentions that "the salt string is used to perturb the DES algorithm in one of 4096 different ways." From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (13 Mar 01) [foldoc]: SALT 1. Symbolic Assembly Language Trainer. Assembly-like language implemented in BASIC by Kevin Stock, now at Encore in France. 2. Sam And Lincoln Threaded language. A threaded extensible variant of BASIC. "SALT", S.D. Fenster et al BYTE (Jun 1985) p.147. [{Jargon File}] From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (13 Mar 01) [foldoc]: salt A tiny bit of near-random data inserted where too much regularity would be undesirable; a data {frob} (sense 1). For example, the Unix crypt(3) manual page mentions that "the salt string is used to perturb the DES algorithm in one of 4096 different ways." From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: Salt used to season food (Job 6:6), and mixed with the fodder of cattle (Isa. 30:24, "clean;" in marg. of R.V. "salted"). All meat-offerings were seasoned with salt (Lev. 2:13). To eat salt with one is to partake of his hospitality, to derive subsistence from him and hence he who did so was bound to look after his host's interests (Ezra 4:14, "We have maintenance from the king's palace;" A.V. marg., "We are salted with the salt of the palace;" R.V., "We eat the salt of the palace"). A "covenant of salt" (Num. 18:19; 2 Chr. 13:5) was a covenant of perpetual obligation. New-born children were rubbed with salt (Ezek. 16:4). Disciples are likened unto salt, with reference to its cleansing and preserving uses (Matt. 5:13). When Abimelech took the city of Shechem, he sowed the place with salt, that it might always remain a barren soil (Judg. 9:45). Sir Lyon Playfair argues, on scientific grounds, that under the generic name of "salt," in certain passages, we are to understand petroleum or its residue asphalt. Thus in Gen. 19:26 he would read "pillar of asphalt;" and in Matt. 5:13, instead of "salt," "petroleum," which loses its essence by exposure, as salt does not and becomes asphalt, with which pavements were made The Jebel Usdum to the south of the Dead Sea, is a mountain of rock salt about 7 miles long and from 2 to 3 miles wide and some hundreds of feet high. From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms 13 March 2001 [vera]: SALT Script Application Language for Telix From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms 13 March 2001 [vera]: SALT Suse Advanced Linux Technology (Suse, Linux)
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