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sum


  4  definitions  found 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Sum  \Sum\,  n.  [OE.  summe,  somme,  OF  sume,  some  F.  somme,  L. 
  summa,  fr  summus  highest,  a  superlative  from  sub  under  See 
  {Sub-},  and  cf  {Supreme}.] 
  1.  The  aggregate  of  two  or  more  numbers,  magnitudes, 
  quantities,  or  particulars;  the  amount  or  whole  of  any 
  number  of  individuals  or  particulars  added  together;  as 
  the  sum  of  5  and  7  is  12. 
 
  Take  ye  the  sum  of  all  the  congregation.  --Num.  i. 
  2. 
 
  Note:  Sum  is  now  commonly  applied  to  an  aggregate  of  numbers, 
  and  number  to  an  aggregate  of  persons  or  things 
 
  2.  A  quantity  of  money  or  currency;  any  amount,  indefinitely; 
  as  a  sum  of  money;  a  small  sum,  or  a  large  sum.  ``The  sum 
  of  forty  pound.''  --Chaucer. 
 
  With  a  great  sum  obtained  I  this  freedom.  --Acts 
  xxii.  28. 
 
  3.  The  principal  points  or  thoughts  when  viewed  together;  the 
  amount;  the  substance;  compendium;  as  this  is  the  sum  of 
  all  the  evidence  in  the  case;  this  is  the  sum  and 
  substance  of  his  objections. 
 
  4.  Height;  completion;  utmost  degree. 
 
  Thus  have  I  told  thee  all  my  state,  and  brought  My 
  story  to  the  sum  of  earthly  bliss.  --Milton. 
 
  5.  (Arith.)  A  problem  to  be  solved,  or  an  example  to  be 
  wrought  out  --Macaulay. 
 
  A  sum  in  arithmetic  wherein  a  flaw  discovered  at  a 
  particular  point  is  ipso  facto  fatal  to  the  whole. 
  --Gladstone. 
 
  A  large  sheet  of  paper  .  .  .  covered  with  long  sums. 
  --Dickens. 
 
  {Algebraic  sum},  as  distinguished  from  arithmetical  sum,  the 
  aggregate  of  two  or  more  numbers  or  quantities  taken  with 
  regard  to  their  signs,  as  +  or  -,  according  to  the  rules 
  of  addition  in  algebra;  thus  the  algebraic  sum  of  -2,  8, 
  and  -1  is  5. 
 
  {In  sum},  in  short;  in  brief.  [Obs.]  ``In  sum,  the  gospel  .  . 
  .  prescribes  every  virtue  to  our  conduct,  and  forbids 
  every  sin.''  --Rogers. 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Sum  \Sum\,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  {Summed};  p.  pr  &  vb  n. 
  {Summing}.]  [Cf.  F.  sommer,  LL  summare.] 
  1.  To  bring  together  into  one  whole;  to  collect  into  one 
  amount;  to  cast  up  as  a  column  of  figures;  to  ascertain 
  the  totality  of  --  usually  with  up 
 
  The  mind  doth  value  every  moment,  and  then  the  hour 
  doth  rather  sum  up  the  moments,  than  divide  the  day 
  --Bacon. 
 
  2.  To  bring  or  collect  into  a  small  compass;  to  comprise  in  a 
  few  words  to  condense;  --  usually  with  up 
 
  ``Go  to  the  ant,  thou  sluggard,''  in  few  words  sums 
  up  the  moral  of  this  fable.  --L'Estrange. 
 
  He  sums  their  virtues  in  himself  alone.  --Dryden. 
 
  3.  (Falconry)  To  have  (the  feathers)  full  grown;  to  furnish 
  with  complete,  or  full-grown,  plumage. 
 
  But  feathered  soon  and  fledge  They  summed  their  pens 
  [wings].  --Milton. 
 
  {Summing  up},  a  compendium  or  abridgment;  a  recapitulation;  a 
  r['e]sum['e];  a  summary. 
 
  Syn:  To  cast  up  collect;  comprise;  condense;  comprehend; 
  compute. 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  sum 
  n  1:  a  quantity  of  money;  "he  borrowed  a  large  sum";  "the  amount 
  he  had  in  cash  was  insufficient"  [syn:  {sum  of  money},  {amount}, 
  {amount  of  money}] 
  2:  a  quantity  obtained  by  addition  [syn:  {amount},  {total}] 
  3:  the  final  aggregate;  "the  sum  of  all  our  troubles  did  not 
  equal  the  misery  they  suffered"  [syn:  {sum  total}] 
  4:  the  choicest  or  most  essential  or  most  vital  part  of  some 
  idea  or  experience:  "the  gist  of  the  prosecutor's 
  argument";  "the  nub  of  the  story"  [syn:  {kernel},  {substance}, 
  {core},  {center},  {essence},  {gist},  {heart},  {inwardness}, 
  {marrow},  {meat},  {nub},  {pith},  {nitty-gritty}] 
  5:  the  whole  [syn:  {total},  {totality},  {aggregate}] 
  6:  a  set  containing  all  and  only  the  members  of  two  or  more 
  given  sets;  "let  C  be  the  union  of  the  sets  A  and  B"  [syn: 
  {union},  {join}] 
  v  :  determine  the  sum  of  "Add  all  the  people  in  this  town  to 
  those  of  the  neighboring  town"  [syn:  {total},  {tot},  {tot 
  up},  {sum  up},  {summate},  {tote  up},  {add},  {add  together}, 
  {tally},  {add  up}] 
 
  From  The  Free  On-line  Dictionary  of  Computing  (13  Mar  01)  [foldoc]: 
 
  sum 
 
  1.    In  {domain  theory},  the  sum  A  +  B  of  two  {domain}s 
  contains  all  elements  of  both  domains,  modified  to  indicate 
  which  part  of  the  union  they  come  from  plus  a  new  {bottom} 
  element.  There  are  two  constructor  functions  associated  with 
  the  sum: 
 
  inA  :  A  ->  A+B  inB  :  B  ->  A+B 
  inA(a)  =  (0,a)  inB(b)  =  (1,b) 
 
  and  a  disassembly  operation: 
 
  case  d  of  {isA(x)  ->  E1;  isB(x)  ->  E2} 
 
  This  can  be  generalised  to  arbitrary  numbers  of  domains. 
 
  See  also  {smash  sum},  {disjoint  union}. 
 
  2.    A  {Unix}  utility  to  calculate  a  16-bit  {checksum}  of 
  the  data  in  a  file.  It  also  displays  the  size  of  the  file, 
  either  in  {kilobyte}s  or  in  512-byte  blocks.  The  checksum  may 
  differ  on  machines  with  16-bit  and  32-bit  ints. 
 
  {Unix  manual  page}:  sum(1). 
 
  (1995-03-16) 
 
 




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