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resolutionmore about resolution

resolution


  3  definitions  found 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Resolution  \Res`o*lu"tion\  (-l?"sh?n),  n.  [F.  r['e]solution.  L. 
  resolutio  a  loosening,  solution.  See  {Resolve}.] 
  1.  The  act  operation,  or  process  of  resolving.  Specifically: 
  a  The  act  of  separating  a  compound  into  its  elements  or 
  component  parts 
  b  The  act  of  analyzing  a  complex  notion,  or  solving  a 
  vexed  question  or  difficult  problem. 
 
  The  unraveling  and  resolution  of  the 
  difficulties  that  are  met  with  in  the  execution 
  of  the  design  are  the  end  of  an  action 
  --Dryden. 
 
  2.  The  state  of  being  relaxed;  relaxation.  [Obs.] 
 
  3.  The  state  of  being  resolved,  settled,  or  determined; 
  firmness;  steadiness;  constancy;  determination. 
 
  Be  it  with  resolution  then  to  fight.  --Shak. 
 
  4.  That  which  is  resolved  or  determined;  a  settled  purpose; 
  determination.  Specifically:  A  formal  expression  of  the 
  opinion  or  will  of  an  official  body  or  a  public  assembly, 
  adopted  by  vote;  as  a  legislative  resolution;  the 
  resolutions  of  a  public  meeting. 
 
  5.  The  state  of  being  resolved  or  firm  in  opinion  or  thought; 
  conviction;  assurance.  [Obs.] 
 
  Little  resolution  and  certainty  there  is  as  touching 
  the  islands  of  Mauritania.  --Holland. 
 
  6.  (Math.)  The  act  or  process  of  solving;  solution;  as  the 
  resolution  of  an  equation  or  problem. 
 
  7.  (Med.)  A  breaking  up  disappearance;  or  termination,  as  of 
  a  fever,  a  tumor,  or  the  like 
 
  8.  (Mus.)  The  passing  of  a  dissonant  into  a  consonant  chord 
  by  the  rising  or  falling  of  the  note  which  makes  the 
  discord. 
 
  {Joint  resolution}.  See  under  {Joint},  a. 
 
  {Resolution  of  a  force}  or  {motion}  (Mech.),  the  separation 
  of  a  single  force  or  motion  into  two  or  more  which  have 
  different  directions,  and  taken  together,  are  an 
  equivalent  for  the  single  one  --  the  opposite  of 
  {composition  of  a  force}. 
 
  {Resolution  of  a  nebula}  (Astron.),  the  exhibition  of  it  to 
  the  eye  by  a  telescope  of  such  power  as  to  show  it  to  be 
  composed  of  small  stars. 
 
  Syn:  Decision;  analysis;  separation;  disentanglement; 
  dissolution;  resolvedness;  resoluteness;  firmness; 
  constancy;  perseverance;  steadfastness;  fortitude; 
  boldness;  purpose;  resolve.  See  {Decision}. 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  resolution 
  n  1:  a  formal  expression  by  a  meeting;  agreed  to  by  a  vote  [syn: 
  {declaration},  {resolve}] 
  2:  the  ability  of  a  microscope  or  telescope  to  measure  the 
  angular  separation  of  images  that  are  close  together  [syn: 
  {resolving  power}] 
  3:  the  trait  of  being  resolute;  firmness  of  purpose;  "his 
  resoluteness  carried  him  through  the  battle";  "it  was  his 
  unshakeable  resolution  to  finish  the  work"  [syn:  {resoluteness}, 
  {firmness},  {resolve}]  [ant:  {irresoluteness}] 
  4:  finding  a  solution  to  a  problem  [syn:  {solving}] 
  5:  something  settled  or  resolved;  the  outcome  of  decision 
  making;  "the  finally  reached  a  settlement  with  the  union"; 
  "they  never  did  achieve  a  final  resolution  of  their 
  differences"  [syn:  {settlement}] 
  6:  analysis  into  clear-cut  components  [syn:  {resolving}] 
  7:  (computer  science)  the  number  of  pixels  per  square  inch  on  a 
  computer-generated  display;  the  greater  the  resolution, 
  the  better  the  picture 
  8:  a  dissonant  chord  is  followed  by  a  consonant  chord 
  9:  a  statement  that  solves  a  problem  or  explains  how  to  solve 
  the  problem;  "they  were  trying  to  find  a  peaceful 
  solution";  "the  answers  were  in  the  back  of  the  book";  "he 
  computed  the  result  to  four  decimal  places"  [syn:  {solution}, 
  {answer},  {result}] 
 
  From  The  Free  On-line  Dictionary  of  Computing  (13  Mar  01)  [foldoc]: 
 
  resolution 
 
  1.    the  maximum  number  of  {pixels}  that  can  be 
  displayed  on  a  {monitor},  expressed  as  (number  of  horizontal 
  pixels)  x  (number  of  vertical  pixels),  i.e.,  1024x768.  The 
  ratio  of  horizontal  to  vertical  resolution  is  usually  4:3,  the 
  same  as  that  of  conventional  television  sets. 
 
  2.    A  mechanical  method  for  proving  statements  of 
  {first  order  logic},  introduced  by  J.  A.  Robinson  in  1965. 
  Resolution  is  applied  to  two  {clauses}  in  a  {sentence}.  It 
  eliminates,  by  {unification},  a  {literal}  that  occurs 
  positive"  in  one  and  negative"  in  the  other  to  produce  a  new 
  clause,  the  {resolvent}. 
 
  For  example,  given  the  sentence: 
 
  (man(X)  =>  mortal(X))  AND  man(socrates). 
 
  The  literal  "man(X)"  is  "negative".  The  literal 
  "man(socrates)"  could  be  considered  to  be  on  the  right  hand 
  side  of  the  degenerate  implication 
 
  True  =>  man(socrates) 
 
  and  is  therefore  "positive".  The  two  literals  can  be  unified 
  by  the  binding  X  =  socrates. 
 
  The  {truth  table}  for  the  implication  function  is 
 
  A  |  B  |  A  =>  B 
  --+---+------- 
  F  |  F  |  T 
  F  |  T  |  T 
  T  |  F  |  F 
  T  |  T  |  T 
 
  (The  implication  only  fails  if  its  premise  is  true  but  its 
  conclusion  is  false).  From  this  we  can  see  that 
 
  A  =>  B  ==  (NOT  A)  OR  B 
 
  Which  is  why  the  left  hand  side  of  the  implication  is  said  to 
  be  negative  and  the  right  positive.  The  sentence  above  could 
  thus  be  written 
 
  ((NOT  man(socrates))  OR  mortal(socrates)) 
  AND 
  man(socrates) 
 
  Distributing  the  AND  over  the  OR  gives 
 
  ((NOT  man(socrates))  AND  man(socrates)) 
  OR 
  mortal(socrates)  AND  man(socrates) 
 
  And  since  (NOT  A)  AND  A  ==  False,  and  False  OR  A  ==  A  we  can 
  simplify  to  just 
 
  mortal(socrates)  AND  man(socrates) 
 
  So  we  have  proved  the  new  literal,  mortal(socrates). 
 
  Resolution  with  {backtracking}  is  the  basic  control  mechanism 
  of  {Prolog}. 
 
  See  also  {modus  ponens},  {SLD  Resolution}. 
 
  3.    {address  resolution}. 
 
  (1996-02-09) 
 
 




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