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element |
4 definitions found From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Voltaic \Vol*ta"ic\, a. [Cf. F. volta["i]que, It voltaico.] 1. Of or pertaining to Alessandro Volta, who first devised apparatus for developing electric currents by chemical action and established this branch of electric science; discovered by Volta; as voltaic electricity. 2. Of or pertaining to voltaism, or voltaic electricity; as voltaic induction; the voltaic arc. Note: See the Note under {Galvanism}. {Voltaic arc}, a luminous arc, of intense brilliancy, formed between carbon points as electrodes by the passage of a powerful voltaic current. {Voltaic battery}, an apparatus variously constructed, consisting of a series of plates or pieces of dissimilar metals, as copper and zinc, arranged in pairs, and subjected to the action of a saline or acid solution, by which a current of electricity is generated whenever the two poles, or ends of the series, are connected by a conductor; a galvanic battery. See {Battery}, 4. (b), and Note. {Voltaic circuit}. See under {Circuit}. {Voltaic couple} or {element}, a single pair of the connected plates of a battery. {Voltaic electricity}. See the Note under {Electricity}. {Voltaic pile}, a kind of voltaic battery consisting of alternate disks of dissimilar metals, separated by moistened cloth or paper. See 5th {Pile}. {Voltaic protection of metals}, the protection of a metal exposed to the corrosive action of sea water, saline or acid liquids, or the like by associating it with a metal which is positive to it as when iron is galvanized, or coated with zinc. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Element \El"e*ment\, n. [F. ['e]l['e]ment, L. elementum.] 1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based. 2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents of any kind of matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A substance which cannot be decomposed into different kinds of matter by any means at present employed; as the elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen. Note: The elements are naturally classified in several families or groups, as the group of the alkaline elements, the halogen group and the like They are roughly divided into two great classes, the metals, as sodium, calcium, etc., which form basic compounds, and the nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction is only relative, and some as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc., form both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding every element is its relative atomic weight or equivalent. When the elements are tabulated in the order of their ascending atomic weights, the arrangement constitutes the series of the Periodic law of Mendelejeff See {Periodic law}, under {Periodic}. This Periodic law enables us to predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number of elements known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the Periodic law indicate the possibility of many more Many of the elements with which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron, gold, etc., have been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in the sun and the fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that afforded by the Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears that the chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but only very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In formulas, the elements are designated by abbreviations of their names in Latin or New Latin. The Elements ------------------------------------------------------------ Name |Sym-|Atomic Weight| |bol | O=16 | H=1 | ------------------------------------------------------------ Aluminum | Al | 27.1 | 26.9| Antimony(Stibium) Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium (see Glucinum) Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Caesium Calcium Carbon Cerium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Columbium Copper (Cuprum) Erbium Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Glucinum From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Element \El"e*ment\ ([e^]l"[-e]*m[e^]nt), v. t. 1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] ``[Love] being elemented too.'' --Donne. 2. To constitute; to make up with elements. His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness. --Walton. From WordNet r 1.6 [wn]: element n 1: an abstract part of something: "jealousy was a component of his character"; "two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony"; "the grammatical elements of a sentence"; "a key factor in her success"; "humor: an effective ingredient of a speech" [syn: {component}, {constituent}, {factor}, {ingredient}] 2: an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system: "spare components for cars"; "a component or constituent element of a system" [syn: {component}, {constituent}] 3: any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 93 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter [syn: {chemical element}] 4: the most favorable environment for a plant or animal; "water is the element of fishes" 5: one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe; "the alchemists believed that there were four elements" 6: the situation in which you are happiest and most effective; "in your element" 7: a straight line that generates a cylinder or cone
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