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ortho |
1 definition found From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Ortho- \Or"tho-\ [Gr. ? straight; akin to Skr. ?rdhva upright, vrdh to grow, to cause to grow.] 1. A combining form signifying straight, right upright, correct, regular; as orthodromy, orthodiagonal, orthodox, orthographic. 2. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), designating: a (Inorganic Chem.) The one of several acids of the same element (as the phosphoric acids), which actually occurs with the greatest number of hydroxyl groups; as orthophosphoric acid. Cf {Normal}. b (Organic Chem.) Connection with or affinity to one variety of isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; -- contrasted with {meta-} or {para-}; as the ortho position; hence designating any substance showing such isomerism; as an ortho compound. Note: In the graphic representation of the benzene nucleus (see {Benzene nucleus}, under {Benzene}), provisionally adopted, any substance exhibiting double substitution in adjacent and contiguous carbon atoms, as 1 & 2, 3 & 4, 4 & 5, etc., is designated by ortho-; as orthoxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution of two carbon atoms with one intervening, as 1 & 3, 2 & 4, 3 & 5, 4 & 6, etc., by meta-; as resorcin or metaxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution in opposite parts as 1 & 4, 2 & 5, 3 & 6, by para-; as hydroquinone or paraxylene.
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