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valve |
4 definitions found From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Induction \In*duc"tion\, n. [L. inductio: cf F. induction. See {Induct}.] 1. The act or process of inducting or bringing in introduction; entrance; beginning; commencement. I know not you nor am I well pleased to make this time, as the affair now stands, the induction of your acquaintance. --Beau. & Fl These promises are fair, the parties sure And our induction dull of prosperous hope. --Shak. 2. An introduction or introductory scene, as to a play; a preface; a prologue. [Obs.] This is but an induction: I will d?aw The curtains of the tragedy hereafter. --Massinger. 3. (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or from the individual to the universal; also the result or inference so reached. Induction is an inference drawn from all the particulars. --Sir W. Hamilton. Induction is the process by which we conclude that what is true of certain individuals of a class, is true of the whole class, or that what is true at certain times will be true in similar circumstances at all times. --J. S. Mill. 4. The introduction of a clergyman into a benefice, or of an official into a office, with appropriate acts or ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an ecclesiastical living or its temporalities. 5. (Math.) A process of demonstration in which a general truth is gathered from an examination of particular cases, one of which is known to be true, the examination being so conducted that each case is made to depend on the preceding one -- called also {successive induction}. 6. (Physics) The property by which one body, having electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in another body without direct contact an impress of electrical or magnetic force or condition from one body on another without actual contact {Electro-dynamic induction}, the action by which a variable or interrupted current of electricity excites another current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed circuit. {Electro-magnetic induction}, the influence by which an electric current produces magnetic polarity in certain bodies near or around which it passes. {Electro-static induction}, the action by which a body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring body. {Induction coil}, an apparatus producing induced currents of great intensity. It consists of a coil or helix of stout insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil of very fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is induced, when a current (as from a voltaic battery), passing through the inner coil, is made broken, or varied. The inner coil has within it a core of soft iron, and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; -- called also {inductorium}, and {Ruhmkorff's coil}. {Induction pipe}, {port}, or {valve}, a pipe, passageway, or valve, for leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine cylinder, or water to a pump. {Magnetic induction}, the action by which magnetic polarity is developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects when brought under the influence of a magnet. {Magneto-electric induction}, the influence by which a magnet excites electric currents in closed circuits. {Logical induction}, (Philos.), an act or method of reasoning from all the parts separately to the whole which they constitute, or into which they may be united collectively; the operation of discovering and proving general propositions; the scientific method. {Philosophical induction}, the inference, or the act of inferring, that what has been observed or established in respect to a part individual, or species, may on the ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole to which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience and experiment. It relates to actual existences, as in physical science or the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: Valve \Valve\, n. [L. valva the leaf, fold, or valve of a door: cf F. valve.] 1. A door; especially, one of a pair of folding doors, or one of the leaves of such a door. Swift through the valves the visionary fair Repassed --Pope. Heavily closed, . . . the valves of the barn doors. --Longfellow. 2. A lid, plug, or cover, applied to an aperture so that by its movement, as by swinging, lifting and falling, sliding, turning, or the like it will open or close the aperture to permit or prevent passage, as of a fluid. Note: A valve may act automatically so as to be opened by the effort of a fluid to pass in one direction, and closed by the effort to pass in the other direction, as a clack valve; or it may be opened or closed by hand or by mechanism, as a screw valve, or a slide valve. 3. (Anat.) One or more membranous partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or retard the flow in the opposite direction; as the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar valves. 4. (Bot.) a One of the pieces into which a capsule naturally separates when it bursts. b One of the two similar portions of the shell of a diatom. c A small portion of certain anthers, which opens like a trapdoor to allow the pollen to escape, as in the barberry. 5. (Zo["o]l.) One of the pieces or divisions of bivalve or multivalve shells. {Air valve}, {Ball valve}, {Check valve}, etc See under {Air}. {Ball}, {Check}, etc {Double-beat valve}, a kind of balance valve usually consisting of a movable, open-ended, turban-shaped shell provided with two faces of nearly equal diameters, one above another, which rest upon two corresponding seats when the valve is closed. {Equilibrium valve}. a A balance valve. See under {Balance}. b A valve for permitting air, steam, water, etc., to pass into or out of a chamber so as to establish or maintain equal pressure within and without {Valve chest} (Mach.), a chamber in which a valve works especially (Steam Engine), the steam chest; -- called in England {valve box}, and {valve casing}. See {Steam chest}, under {Steam}. {Valve face} (Mach.), that part of the surface of a valve which comes in contact with the {valve seat}. {Valve gear}, or {Valve motion} (Steam Engine), the system of parts by which motion is given to the valve or valves for the distribution of steam in the cylinder. For an illustration of one form of valve gear, see {Link motion}. {Valve seat}. (Mach.) a The fixed surface on which a valve rests or against which it presses. b A part or piece on which such a surface is formed. {Valve stem} (Mach.), a rod attached to a valve, for moving it {Valve yoke} (Mach.), a strap embracing a slide valve and connecting it to the valve stem. From WordNet r 1.6 [wn]: valve n 1: a structure in a hollow organ (like the heart) with a flap to insure one-way flow of fluid through it 2: device in a brass wind instrument for varying the length of the air column to alter the pitch of a tone 3: any mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (13 Mar 01) [foldoc]: valveUK term for a {vacuum tube}. (1996-01-10)
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