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liechtenstein |
2 definitions found From WordNet r 1.6 [wn]: Liechtenstein n : a small principality (constitutional monarchy) in central Europe located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland [syn: {Liechtenstein}] From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: Liechtenstein Liechtenstein:Geography Location: Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland Map references: Europe Area: total area: 160 sq km land area: 160 sq km comparative area: about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: total 78 km Austria 37 km Switzerland 41 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none; landlocked International disputes: claims 1,600 square kilometers of Czech territory confiscated from its royal family in 1918; the Czech Republic insists that restitution does not go back before February 1948, when the Communists seized power Climate: continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers Terrain: mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third Natural resources: hydroelectric potential Land use: arable land: 25% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 38% forest and woodland: 19% other: 18% Irrigated land: NA sq km Environment: current issues: NA natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea Note: landlocked; variety of microclimatic variations based on elevation Liechtenstein:People Population: 30,654 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 19% (female 2,897; male 2,974) 15-64 years: 71% (female 10,853; male 10,777) 65 years and over: 10% (female 1,930; male 1,223) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 1.2% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 12.95 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 6.56 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 5.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 77.52 years male: 73.86 years female: 81.17 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.47 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Liechtensteiner(s) adjective: Liechtenstein Ethnic divisions: Alemannic 95%, Italian and other 5% Religions: Roman Catholic 87.3%, Protestant 8.3%, unknown 1.6%, other 2.8% (1988) Languages: German (official), Alemannic dialect Literacy: age 10 and over can read and write (1981) total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% Labor force: 19,905 of which 11,933 are foreigners; 6,885 commute from Austria and Switzerland to work each day by occupation: industry, trade and building 53.2%, services 45%, agriculture, fishing, forestry, and horticulture 1.8% (1990) Liechtenstein:Government Names: conventional long form: Principality of Liechtenstein conventional short form: Liechtenstein local long form: Furstentum Liechtenstein local short form: Liechtenstein Digraph: LS Type: hereditary constitutional monarchy Capital: Vaduz Administrative divisions: 11 communes (gemeinden, singular - gemeinde); Balzers Eschen, Gamprin Mauren Planken, Ruggell Schaan Schellenberg Triesen Triesenberg Vaduz Independence: 23 January 1719 (Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein established) National holiday: Assumption Day 15 August Constitution: 5 October 1921 Legal system: local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: Prince Hans ADAM II (since 13 November 1989; assumed executive powers 26 August 1984); Heir Apparent Prince ALOIS von und zu Liechtenstein (born 11 June 1968) head of government: Mario FRICK (since 15 December 1993); Deputy Head of Government Dr Thomas BUECHEL (since 15 December 1993) cabinet: Cabinet; elected by the Diet; confirmed by the sovereign Legislative branch: unicameral Diet (Landtag): elections last held on 24 October 1993 (next to be held by March 1997); results - VU 50.1%, FBP 41.3%, FL 8.5%; seats - (25 total) VU 13, FBP 11, FL 1 Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for criminal cases, Superior Court Obergericht for civil cases Political parties and leaders: Fatherland Union (VU), Dr Oswald KRANTZ Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP), Otmar HASLER; The Free List FL Member of: CE EBRD, ECE, EFTA, GATT, IAEA, ICRM, IFRCS INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN UNCTAD UPU, WCL, WIPO Diplomatic representation in US: in routine diplomatic matters, Liechtenstein is represented in the US by the Swiss Embassy US diplomatic representation: the US has no diplomatic or consular mission in Liechtenstein, but the US Consul General at Zurich (Switzerland) has consular accreditation at Vaduz Flag: two equal horizontal bands of blue top and red with a gold crown on the hoist side of the blue band Economy Overview: Despite its small size and limited natural resources, Liechtenstein has developed into a prosperous, highly industrialized, free-enterprise economy with a vital service sector and living standards on par with its large European neighbors. Low business taxes - the maximum tax rate is 20% - and easy incorporation rules have induced about 25,000 holding or so-called letter box companies to establish nominal offices in Liechtenstein, providing 30% of state revenues. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. Liechtenstein plans to join the European Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between EFTA and EU) in 1995. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $630 million (1990 est.) National product real growth rate: NA% National product per capita: $22,300 (1990 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.4% (1990) Unemployment rate: 1.5% (1994) Budget: revenues: $259 million expenditures: $292 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.) Exports: $NA commodities: small specialty machinery, dental products, stamps, hardware, pottery partners: EC countries 42.7%, EFTA countries 20.9% (Switzerland 15.4%), other 36.4% (1990) Imports: $NA commodities: machinery, metal goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles partners: NA External debt: $NA Industrial production: growth rate NA% Electricity: capacity: 23,000 kW production: 150 million kWh consumption per capita: 5,230 kWh (1992) Industries: electronics, metal manufacturing, textiles, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products, precision instruments, tourism Agriculture: livestock, vegetables, corn, wheat, potatoes, grapes Economic aid: none Currency: 1 Swiss franc, franken, or franco (SwF) = 100 centimes, rappen, or centesimi Exchange rates: Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.2880 (January 1995), 1.3677 (1994), 1.4776 (1993), 1.4062 (1992), 1.4340 (1991), 1.3892 (1990) Fiscal year: calendar year Liechtenstein:Transportation Railroads: total: 18.5 km note - owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways standard gauge: 18.5 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified) Highways: total: 322.93 km paved: 322.93 km Ports: none Airports: none Liechtenstein:Communications Telephone system: 25,400 telephones; limited, but sufficient automatic telephone system local: NA intercity: NA international: linked to Swiss networks by cable and radio relay Radio: broadcast stations: AM NA FM NA shortwave NA radios: NA note: linked to Swiss networks Television: broadcast stations: NA televisions: NA note: linked to Swiss networks Liechtenstein:Defense Forces Note: defense is responsibility of Switzerland
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