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angola

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angola


  4  definitions  found 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Angola  \An*go"la\,  n.  [A  corruption  of  Angora.] 
  A  fabric  made  from  the  wool  of  the  Angora  goat. 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Angola 
  n  :  a  republic  in  southwestern  Africa  on  the  Atlantic  coast 
  [syn:  {Angola}] 
 
  From  U.S.  Gazetteer  (1990)  [gazetteer]: 
 
  Angola,  IN  (city,  FIPS  1666) 
  Location:  41.64295  N,  85.00012  W 
  Population  (1990):  5824  (2448  housing  units) 
  Area:  7.5  sq  km  (land),  0.0  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  46703 
  Angola,  LA 
  Zip  code(s):  70712 
  Angola,  NY  (village,  FIPS  2198) 
  Location:  42.63765  N,  79.02980  W 
  Population  (1990):  2231  (852  housing  units) 
  Area:  3.7  sq  km  (land),  0.0  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  14006 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Angola 
 
  Angola:Geography 
 
  Location:  Southern  Africa,  bordering  the  South  Atlantic  Ocean,  between 
  Namibia  and  Zaire 
 
  Map  references:  Africa 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  1,246,700  sq  km 
  land  area:  1,246,700  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  less  than  twice  the  size  of  Texas 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  5,198  km  Congo  201  km  Namibia  1,376  km  Zaire 
  2,511  km  Zambia  1,110  km 
 
  Coastline:  1,600  km 
 
  Maritime  claims: 
  exclusive  fishing  zone:  200  nm 
  territorial  sea:  20  nm 
 
  International  disputes:  none 
 
  Climate:  semiarid  in  south  and  along  coast  to  Luanda;  north  has  cool, 
  dry  season  (May  to  October)  and  hot,  rainy  season  (November  to  April) 
 
  Terrain:  narrow  coastal  plain  rises  abruptly  to  vast  interior  plateau 
 
  Natural  resources:  petroleum,  diamonds,  iron  ore,  phosphates,  copper, 
  feldspar,  gold,  bauxite,  uranium 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  2% 
  permanent  crops:  0% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  23% 
  forest  and  woodland:  43% 
  other:  32% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  NA  km2 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  population  pressures  contributing  to  overuse  of 
  pastures  and  subsequent  soil  erosion;  desertification  deforestation 
  of  tropical  rain  forest  attributable  to  the  international  demand  for 
  tropical  timber  and  domestic  use  as  a  fuel;  deforestation  contributing 
  to  loss  of  biodiversity;  soil  erosion  contributing  to  water  pollution 
  and  siltation  of  rivers  and  dams;  inadequate  supplies  of  potable  water 
 
  natural  hazards:  locally  heavy  rainfall  causes  periodic  flooding  on 
  the  plateau 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Law  of  the  Sea;  signed,  but  not 
  ratified  -  Biodiversity,  Climate  Change,  Desertification 
 
  Note:  Cabinda  is  separated  from  rest  of  country  by  Zaire 
 
  Angola:People 
 
  Population:  10,069,501  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  45%  (female  2,208,307;  male  2,274,533) 
  15-64  years:  53%  (female  2,641,259;  male  2,685,543) 
  65  years  and  over:  2%  (female  136,573;  male  123,286)  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  2.68%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  45.05  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  18.1  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  -0.15  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  142.1  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  46.28  years 
  male:  44.18  years 
  female:  48.49  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  6.42  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Angolan(s) 
  adjective:  Angolan 
 
  Ethnic  divisions:  Ovimbundu  37%,  Kimbundu  25%,  Bakongo  13%,  mestico 
  (mixed  European  and  Native  African)  2%,  European  1%,  other  22% 
 
  Religions:  indigenous  beliefs  47%,  Roman  Catholic  38%,  Protestant  15% 
  (est.) 
 
  Languages:  Portuguese  (official),  Bantu  and  other  African  languages 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  can  read  and  write  (1990  est.) 
  total  population:  42% 
  male:  56% 
  female:  28% 
 
  Labor  force:  2.783  million  economically  active 
  by  occupation:  agriculture  85%,  industry  15%  (1985  est.) 
 
  Angola:Government 
 
  Note:  Civil  war  has  been  the  norm  since  independence  from  Portugal  on 
  11  November  1975;  a  cease-fire  lasted  from  31  May  1991  until  October 
  1992  when  the  insurgent  National  Union  for  the  Total  Independence  of 
  Angola  (UNITA)  refused  to  accept  its  defeat  in  internationally 
  monitored  elections  and  fighting  resumed  throughout  much  of  the 
  countryside.  The  two  sides  signed  another  peace  accord  on  20  November 
  1994;  the  cease-fire  is  generally  holding  but  most  provisions  of  the 
  accord  remain  to  be  implemented. 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  Republic  of  Angola 
  conventional  short  form:  Angola 
  local  long  form:  Republica  de  Angola 
  local  short  form:  Angola 
  former:  People's  Republic  of  Angola 
 
  Digraph:  AO 
 
  Type:  transitional  government  nominally  a  multiparty  democracy  with  a 
  strong  presidential  system 
 
  Capital:  Luanda 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  18  provinces  (provincias,  singular  - 
  provincia);  Bengo,  Benguela  Bie,  Cabinda  Cuando  Cubango  Cuanza 
  Norte,  Cuanza  Sul,  Cunene  Huambo  Huila  Luanda,  Lunda  Norte,  Lunda 
  Sul,  Malanje  Moxico,  Namibe  Uige  Zaire 
 
  Independence:  11  November  1975  (from  Portugal) 
 
  National  holiday:  Independence  Day  11  November  (1975) 
 
  Constitution:  11  November  1975;  revised  7  January  1978,  11  August 
  1980,  6  March  1991,  and  26  August  1992 
 
  Legal  system:  based  on  Portuguese  civil  law  system  and  customary  law; 
  recently  modified  to  accommodate  political  pluralism  and  increased  use 
  of  free  markets 
 
  Suffrage:  18  years  of  age;  universal 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state:  President  Jose  Eduardo  DOS  SANTOS  (since  21  September 
  1979) 
  head  of  government:  Prime  Minister  Marcolino  Jose  Carlos  MOCO  (since  2 
  December  1992) 
  cabinet:  Council  of  Ministers;  appointed  by  the  president 
 
  Legislative  branch:  unicameral 
  National  Assembly  (Assembleia  Nacional):  first  nationwide,  multiparty 
  elections  were  held  29-30  September  1992  with  disputed  results 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Supreme  Court  (Tribunal  da  Relacao) 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  Popular  Movement  for  the  Liberation  of 
  Angola  (MPLA),  led  by  Jose  Eduardo  DOS  SANTOS  is  the  ruling  party  and 
  has  been  in  power  since  1975;  National  Union  for  the  Total 
  Independence  of  Angola  (UNITA),  led  by  Jonas  SAVIMBI  is  a  legal  party 
  despite  its  history  of  armed  resistance  to  the  government;  five  minor 
  parties  have  small  numbers  of  seats  in  the  National  Assembly 
 
  Other  political  or  pressure  groups:  Cabindan  State  Liberation  Front 
  (FLEC),  N'ZITA  Tiago  leader  of  largest  faction  (FLEC-FAC) 
  note:  FLEC  is  waging  a  small-scale,  highly  factionalized  armed 
  struggle  for  the  independence  of  Cabinda  Province 
 
  Member  of:  ACP,  AfDB  CCC,  CEEAC  (observer),  ECA,  FAO,  FLS,  G-77, 
  GATT,  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICRM,  IDA,  IFAD,  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  IMO, 
  INTELSAT,  INTERPOL,  IOC,  IOM,  ITU,  NAM,  OAS  (observer),  OAU,  SADC,  UN 
  UNCTAD  UNESCO,  UNIDO  UPU,  WCL,  WFTU  WHO  WIPO,  WMO,  WTO 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Jose  Goncalves  Martins  PATRICIO 
  embassy:  1819  L  Street  NW  Washington,  DC  20036,  Suite  400 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  785-1156 
  FAX:  [1]  (202)  785-1258 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Edmund  T.  DE  JARNETTE 
  embassy:  32  Rua  Houari  Boumedienne  Miramar,  Luanda 
  mailing  address:  C.P.  6484,  Luanda;  American  Embassy,  Luanda, 
  Department  of  State,  Washington,  D.C.  20521-2550  (pouch) 
  telephone:  [244]  (2)  345-481,  346-418 
  FAX:  [244]  (2)  347-884 
 
  Flag:  two  equal  horizontal  bands  of  red  top  and  black  with  a 
  centered  yellow  emblem  consisting  of  a  five-pointed  star  within  half  a 
  cogwheel  crossed  by  a  machete  (in  the  style  of  a  hammer  and  sickle) 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  Subsistence  agriculture  provides  the  main  livelihood  for 
  80%-90%  of  the  population  but  accounts  for  less  than  15%  of  GDP.  Oil 
  production  is  vital  to  the  economy,  contributing  about  60%  to  GDP. 
  Despite  the  signing  of  a  peace  accord  in  November  1994  between  the 
  Angola  government  and  the  UNITA  insurgents,  sporadic  fighting 
  continues  and  many  farmers  remain  reluctant  to  return  to  their  fields. 
  As  a  result,  much  of  the  country's  food  requirements  must  still  be 
  imported.  Angola  has  rich  natural  resources  -  notably  gold,  diamonds, 
  and  arable  land,  in  addition  to  large  oil  deposits  -  but  will  need  to 
  observe  the  cease-fire,  implement  the  peace  agreement,  and  reform 
  government  policies  if  it  is  to  achieve  its  potential. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $6.1  billion  (1994 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  -1%  (1994  est.) 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $620  (1994  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  20%  average  per  month  (1994  est.) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  15%  with  considerable  underemployment  (1993  est.) 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $928  million 
  expenditures:  $2.5  billion,  including  capital  expenditures  of  $963 
  million  (1992  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $3  billion  (f.o.b.,  1993  est.) 
  commodities:  oil,  diamonds,  refined  petroleum  products,  gas,  coffee, 
  sisal,  fish  and  fish  products,  timber,  cotton 
  partners:  US  France,  Germany,  Netherlands,  Brazil 
 
  Imports:  $1.6  billion  (f.o.b.,  1992  est.) 
  commodities:  capital  equipment  (machinery  and  electrical  equipment), 
  food,  vehicles  and  spare  parts  textiles  and  clothing,  medicines, 
  substantial  military  deliveries 
  partners:  Portugal,  Brazil,  US  France,  Spain 
 
  External  debt:  $11.7  billion  (1994  est.) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  NA%;  accounts  for  about  60%  of  GDP, 
  including  petroleum  output 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  620,000  kW 
  production:  1.9  billion  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  189  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  petroleum;  mining  -  diamonds,  iron  ore,  phosphates, 
  feldspar,  bauxite,  uranium,  and  gold;  fish  processing;  food 
  processing;  brewing;  tobacco;  sugar;  textiles;  cement;  basic  metal 
  products 
 
  Agriculture:  cash  crops  -  bananas,  sugarcane,  coffee,  sisal,  corn, 
  cotton,  cane,  manioc,  tobacco;  food  crops  -  cassava,  corn,  vegetables, 
  plantains;  livestock  production  accounts  for  20%,  fishing  4%,  forestry 
  2%  of  total  agricultural  output 
 
  Illicit  drugs:  increasingly  used  as  a  transshipment  point  for  cocaine 
  destined  for  Western  Europe 
 
  Economic  aid: 
  recipient:  US  commitments,  including  Ex-Im  (FY70-89),  $265  million; 
  Western  (non-US)  countries,  ODA  and  OOF  bilateral  commitments 
  (1970-89),  $1.105  billion;  Communist  countries  (1970-89),  $1.3 
  billion;  net  official  disbursements  (1985-89),  $750  million 
 
  Currency:  1  new  kwanza  NKz  =  100  lwei 
 
  Exchange  rates:  new  kwanza  NKz  per  US$1  -  900,000  (official  rate  25 
  April  1995),  1,900,000  (black  market  rate  6  April  1995),  600,000 
  (official  rate  10  January  1995),  90,000  (official  rate  1  June  1994), 
  180,000  (black  market  rate  1  June  1994);  7,000  (official  rate  16 
  December  1993),  50,000  (black  market  rate  16  December  1993);  3,884 
  (July  1993);  550  (April  1992);  90  (November  1991);  60  (October  1990) 
 
  Fiscal  year:  calendar  year 
 
  Angola:Transportation 
 
  Railroads: 
  total:  3,189  km  note  -  limited  trackage  in  use  because  of  landmines 
  still  in  place  from  the  civil  war;  majority  of  the  Benguela  Railroad 
  also  closed  because  of  civil  war 
  narrow  gauge:  2,879  km  1.067-m  gauge;  310  km  0.600-m  gauge 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  73,828  km 
  paved:  bituminous-surface  8,577  km 
  unpaved:  crushed  stone,  gravel,  improved  earth  29,350  km  unimproved 
  earth  35,901  km 
 
  Inland  waterways:  1,295  km  navigable 
 
  Pipelines:  crude  oil  179  km 
 
  Ports:  Ambriz  Cabinda  Lobito  Luanda,  Malogo  Namibe  Porto  Amboim 
  Soyo 
 
  Merchant  marine: 
  total:  12  ships  (1,000  GRT  or  over)  totaling  63,776  GRT/99,863  DWT 
  ships  by  type:  cargo  11,  oil  tanker  1 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  289 
  with  paved  runways  over  3,047  m:  4 
  with  paved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  9 
  with  paved  runways  1,524  to  2,437  m:  12 
  with  paved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  6 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  93 
  with  unpaved  runways  over  3,047  m:  1 
  with  unpaved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  5 
  with  unpaved  runways  1,524  to  2,438  m:  33 
  with  unpaved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  126 
 
  Angola:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  40,300  telephones;  4.1  telephones/1,000  persons; 
  high  frequency  radio  used  extensively  for  military  links;  telephone 
  service  limited  mostly  to  government  and  business  use 
  local:  NA 
  intercity:  limited  system  of  wire,  microwave  radio  relay,  and 
  troposcatter  routes 
  international:  2  INTELSAT  (Atlantic  Ocean)  earth  stations 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  17,  FM  13,  shortwave  0 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  6 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Angola:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  Army,  Navy,  Air  and  Air  Defense  Forces,  National  Police 
  Force 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  2,315,717;  males  fit  for 
  military  service  1,166,082;  males  reach  military  age  (18)  annually 
  100,273  (1995  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  exchange  rate  conversion  -  $1.1  billion,  31%  of 
  GDP  (1993) 
 
 
 




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