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malawi |
2 definitions found From WordNet r 1.6 [wn]: Malawi n : a landlocked republic in S Africa [syn: {Malawi}, {Nyasaland}] From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: Malawi Malawi:Geography Location: Southern Africa, east of Zambia Map references: Africa Area: total area: 118,480 sq km land area: 94,080 sq km comparative area: slightly larger than Pennsylvania Land boundaries: total 2,881 km Mozambique 1,569 km Tanzania 475 km Zambia 837 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none; landlocked International disputes: dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) Climate: tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) Terrain: narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains Natural resources: limestone, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite Land use: arable land: 25% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 20% forest and woodland: 50% other: 5% Irrigated land: 200 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish population natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea Note: landlocked Malawi:People Population: 9,808,384 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 48% (female 2,361,309; male 2,384,679) 15-64 years: 49% (female 2,479,108; male 2,335,729) 65 years and over: 3% (female 139,632; male 107,927) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 2.63% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 49.81 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 23.53 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) note: the return of refugees to Mozambique is much reduced compared with 1994 Infant mortality rate: 140.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 39.01 years male: 38.28 years female: 39.76 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 7.36 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Malawian(s) adjective: Malawian Ethnic divisions: Chewa, Nyanja Tumbuko Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde Asian, European Religions: Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, traditional indigenous beliefs Languages: English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1987) total population: 48% male: 65% female: 34% Labor force: 428,000 wage earners by occupation: agriculture 43%, manufacturing 16%, personal services 15%, commerce 9%, construction 7%, miscellaneous services 4%, other permanently employed 6% (1986) Malawi:Government Names: conventional long form: Republic of Malawi conventional short form: Malawi former: Nyasaland Digraph: MI Type: multiparty democracy following a referendum on 14 June 1993; formerly a one-party republic Capital: Lilongwe Administrative divisions: 24 districts; Blantyre, Chikwawa Chiradzulu Chitipa, Dedza Dowa, Karonga Kasungu Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi Mchinji Mulanje Mwanza, Mzimba Ntcheu Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota Nsanje Ntchisi Rumphi Salima, Thyolo Zomba Independence: 6 July 1964 (from UK) National holiday: Independence Day 6 July (1964) Constitution: 6 July 1966; republished as amended January 1974 Legal system: based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state and head of government: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994), leader of the United Democratic Front cabinet: Cabinet; named by the president Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly: elections last held 17 May 1994 (next to be held 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA seats - (177 total) UDF 84, AFORD 33, MCP 55, others 5 Judicial branch: High Court, Supreme Court of Appeal Political parties and leaders: ruling party: United Democratic Front (UDF), Bakili MULUZI opposition groups: Malawi Congress Party (MCP), Gwanda CHAKUAMBA Phiri secretary general (top party position); Alliance for Democracy (AFORD), Chakufwa CHIHANA Socialist League of Malawi (Lesoma), Kapote MWAKUSULA secretary general; Malawi Democratic Union (MDU), Harry BWANAUSI Congress for the Second Republic (CSR), Kanyama CHIUME; Malawi Socialist Labor Party (MSLP), Stanford SAMBANEMANJA Member of: ACP, AfDB C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, SADC, UN UNAMIR UNCTAD UNESCO, UNIDO UPU, WFTU WHO WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: (vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Patrick NYASULU (since 14 October 1994) chancery: 2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-1007 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Peter R. CHAVEAS embassy: address NA in new capital city development area in Lilongwe mailing address: P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi telephone: [265] 783 166 FAX: [265] 780 471 Flag: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band; similar to the flag of Afghanistan, which is longer and has the national coat of arms superimposed on the hoist side of the black and red bands Economy Overview: Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 40% of GDP and 90% of export revenues. After two years of weak performance, economic growth improved significantly in 1988-91 as a result of good weather and a broadly based economic adjustment effort by the government. Drought cut overall output sharply in 1992, but the lost ground was recovered in 1993. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. The new government faces strong challenges, e.g., to spur exports, to improve educational and health facilities, and to deal with environmental problems of deforestation and erosion. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $7.3 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 9.3% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $750 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 30% (1994 est.) Unemployment rate: NA% Budget: revenues: $416 million expenditures: $498 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.) Exports: $311 million (f.o.b., 1993 est.) commodities: tobacco, tea, sugar, coffee, peanuts, wood products partners: US UK Zambia, South Africa, Germany Imports: $308 million (c.i.f., 1993 est.) commodities: food, petroleum products, semimanufactures consumer goods, transportation equipment partners: South Africa, Japan, US UK Zimbabwe External debt: $1.8 billion (December 1993 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 3.5% accounts for about 15% of GDP (1992 est.) Electricity: capacity: 190,000 kW production: 820 million kWh consumption per capita: 77 kWh (1993) Industries: agricultural processing (tea, tobacco, sugar), sawmilling cement, consumer goods Agriculture: accounts for 40% of GDP; cash crops - tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, and corn; subsistence crops - potatoes, cassava, sorghum, pulses; livestock - cattle, goats Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $215 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.15 billion Currency: 1 Malawian kwacha MK = 100 tambala Exchange rates: Malawian kwacha MK per US$1 - 7.8358 (August 1994), 4.4028 (1993), 3.6033 (1992), 2.8033 (1991), 2.7289 (1990), 2.7595 (1989) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March Malawi:Transportation Railroads: total: 789 km narrow gauge: 789 km 1.067-m gauge Highways: total: 13,135 km paved: 2,364 km unpaved: gravel, crushed stone, stabilized earth 251 km earth, improved earth 10,520 km Inland waterways: Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi); Shire River, 144 km Ports: Chipoka Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkotakota Airports: total: 47 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 4 with paved runways under 914 m: 25 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 1 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 15 Malawi:Communications Telephone system: 42,250 telephones local: NA intercity: fair system of open-wire lines, radio relay links, and radio communications stations international: 2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean ) earth stations Radio: broadcast stations: AM 10, FM 17, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 0 televisions: NA Malawi:Defense Forces Branches: Army (includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit), paramilitary Malawi Young Pioneers Manpower availability: males age 15-49 2,069,302; males fit for military service 1,056,372 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $13 million, 0.7% of GDP (FY93/94)
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