2  definitions  found 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Burundi 
  adj  :  of  or  relating  to  or  characteristic  of  Burundi  or  its 
  people;  "the  Burundi  capital"  [syn:  {Burundi},  {Burundian}] 
  n  :  a  republic  in  east  central  Africa  [syn:  {Burundi}] 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Burundi 
 
  Burundi:Geography 
 
  Location:  Central  Africa,  east  of  Zaire 
 
  Map  references:  Africa 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  27,830  sq  km 
  land  area:  25,650  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  larger  than  Maryland 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  974  km  Rwanda  290  km  Tanzania  451  km  Zaire 
  233  km 
 
  Coastline:  0  km  (landlocked) 
 
  Maritime  claims:  none;  landlocked 
 
  International  disputes:  none 
 
  Climate:  temperate;  warm;  occasional  frost  in  uplands;  dry  season  from 
  June  to  September 
 
  Terrain:  hilly  and  mountainous,  dropping  to  a  plateau  in  east,  some 
  plains 
 
  Natural  resources:  nickel,  uranium,  rare  earth  oxide,  peat,  cobalt, 
  copper,  platinum  (not  yet  exploited),  vanadium 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  43% 
  permanent  crops:  8% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  35% 
  forest  and  woodland:  2% 
  other:  12% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  720  sq  km  (1989  est.) 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  soil  erosion  as  a  result  of  overgrazing  and  the 
  expansion  of  agriculture  into  marginal  lands;  deforestation  (little 
  forested  land  remains  because  of  uncontrolled  cutting  of  trees  for 
  fuel);  habitat  loss  threatens  wildlife  populations 
  natural  hazards:  flooding,  landslides 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Endangered  Species;  signed,  but 
  not  ratified  -  Biodiversity,  Climate  Change,  Desertification  Law  of 
  the  Sea,  Nuclear  Test  Ban 
 
  Note:  landlocked;  straddles  crest  of  the  Nile-Congo  watershed 
 
  Burundi:People 
 
  Population:  6,262,429  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  48%  (female  1,489,721;  male  1,494,730) 
  15-64  years:  50%  (female  1,606,307;  male  1,498,021) 
  65  years  and  over:  2%  (female  105,446;  male  68,204)  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  2.18%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  43.35  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  21.51  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  NA  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
  note:  in  a  number  of  waves  since  April  1994,  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
  refugees  have  fled  the  civil  strife  between  the  Hutu  and  Tutsi 
  factions  in  Burundi  and  crossed  into  Rwanda,  Tanzania,  and  Zaire;  the 
  refugee  flows  are  continuing  in  1995  as  the  ethnic  violence  has 
  persisted 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  111.9  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  39.86  years 
  male:  37.84  years 
  female:  41.95  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  6.63  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Burundian(s) 
  adjective:  Burundi 
 
  Ethnic  divisions: 
  Africans:  Hutu  (Bantu)  85%,  Tutsi  (Hamitic)  14%,  Twa  (Pygmy)  1% 
  non-Africans:  Europeans  3,000,  South  Asians  2,000 
 
  Religions:  Christian  67%  (Roman  Catholic  62%,  Protestant  5%), 
  indigenous  beliefs  32%,  Muslim  1% 
 
  Languages:  Kirundi  (official),  French  (official),  Swahili  (along  Lake 
  Tanganyika  and  in  the  Bujumbura  area) 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  can  read  and  write  (1990  est.) 
  total  population:  50% 
  male:  61% 
  female:  40% 
 
  Labor  force:  1.9  million  (1983  est.) 
  by  occupation:  agriculture  93.0%,  government  4.0%,  industry  and 
  commerce  1.5%,  services  1.5% 
 
  Burundi:Government 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  Republic  of  Burundi 
  conventional  short  form:  Burundi 
  local  long  form:  Republika  y'u  Burundi 
  local  short  form:  Burundi 
 
  Digraph:  BY 
 
  Type:  republic 
 
  Capital:  Bujumbura 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  15  provinces;  Bubanza  Bujumbura,  Bururi 
  Cankuzo  Cibitoke  Gitega  Karuzi  Kayanza  Kirundo,  Makamba, 
  Muramvya  Muyinga  Ngozi  Rutana  Ruyigi 
 
  Independence:  1  July  1962  (from  UN  trusteeship  under  Belgian 
  administration) 
 
  National  holiday:  Independence  Day  1  July  (1962) 
 
  Constitution:  13  March  1992;  provides  for  establishment  of  a  plural 
  political  system 
 
  Legal  system:  based  on  German  and  Belgian  civil  codes  and  customary 
  law;  has  not  accepted  compulsory  ICJ  jurisdiction 
 
  Suffrage:  universal  adult  at  age  NA 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state:  President  Sylvestre  NTIBANTUNGANYA  (since  September 
  1994) 
  note:  President  Melchior  NDADAYE  Burundi's  first  democratically 
  elected  president,  died  in  the  military  coup  of  21  October  1993  and 
  was  succeeded  on  5  February  1994  by  President  Cyprien  NTARYAMIRA  who 
  was  killed  in  a  mysterious  airplane  explosion  on  6  April  1994 
  head  of  government:  Prime  Minister  Antoine  NDUWAYO  (since  February 
  1995);  selected  by  President  NTIBANTUNGANYA  following  the  resignation 
  of  Anatole  KANYENKIKO  on  15  February  1995 
  cabinet:  Council  of  Ministers;  appointed  by  prime  minister 
 
  Legislative  branch:  unicameral 
  National  Assembly  (Assemblee  Nationale):  elections  last  held  29  June 
  1993  (next  to  be  held  NA);  results  -  FRODEBU  71%,  UPRONA  21.4%;  seats 
  -  (81  total)  FRODEBU  65,  UPRONA  16;  other  parties  won  too  small  shares 
  of  the  vote  to  win  seats  in  the  assembly 
  note:  The  National  Unity  Charter  outlining  the  principles  for 
  constitutional  government  was  adopted  by  a  national  referendum  on  5 
  February  1991 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Supreme  Court  (Cour  Supreme) 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  Unity  for  National  Progress  (UPRONA); 
  Burundi  Democratic  Front  (FRODEBU);  Organization  of  the  People  of 
  Burundi  (RBP);  Socialist  Party  of  Burundi  (PSB);  People's 
  Reconciliation  Party  (PRP);  opposition  parties,  legalized  in  March 
  1992,  include  Burundi  African  Alliance  for  the  Salvation  (ABASA); 
  Rally  for  Democracy  and  Economic  and  Social  Development  (RADDES);  and 
  Party  for  National  Redress  (PARENA) 
 
  Other  political  or  pressure  groups:  NA 
 
  Member  of:  ACCT,  ACP,  AfDB  CCC,  CEEAC  CEPGL  ECA,  FAO,  G-77,  GATT, 
  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICRM,  IDA,  IFAD,  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  INTELSAT 
  (nonsignatory  user),  INTERPOL,  IOC,  ISO  (subscriber),  ITU,  NAM,  OAU, 
  UN  UNCTAD  UNESCO,  UNIDO  UPU,  WHO  WIPO,  WMO,  WTO 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  post  vacant  since  recall  of  Ambassador  Jacques 
  BACAMURWANKO  in  November  1994 
  chancery:  Suite  212,  2233  Wisconsin  Avenue  NW  Washington,  DC  20007 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  342-2574 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Robert  C.  KRUEGER 
  embassy:  Avenue  des  Etats-Unis,  Bujumbura 
  mailing  address:  B.  P.  1720,  Bujumbura 
  telephone:  [257]  (2)  23454 
  FAX:  [257]  (2)  22926 
 
  Flag:  divided  by  a  white  diagonal  cross  into  red  panels  (top  and 
  bottom)  and  green  panels  (hoist  side  and  outer  side)  with  a  white  disk 
  superimposed  at  the  center  bearing  three  red  six-pointed  stars 
  outlined  in  green  arranged  in  a  triangular  design  (one  star  above,  two 
  stars  below) 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  A  landlocked,  resource-poor  country  in  an  early  stage  of 
  economic  development,  Burundi  since  October  1993  has  suffered  from 
  massive  ethnic-based  violence  that  has  displaced  an  estimated  million 
  people,  disrupted  production,  and  set  back  needed  reform  programs. 
  Burundi  is  predominately  agricultural  with  roughly  90%  of  the 
  population  dependent  on  subsistence  agriculture.  Its  economic  health 
  depends  on  the  coffee  crop,  which  accounts  for  80%  of  foreign  exchange 
  earnings.  The  ability  to  pay  for  imports  therefore  continues  to  rest 
  largely  on  the  vagaries  of  the  climate  and  the  international  coffee 
  market.  As  part  of  its  economic  reform  agenda,  launched  in  February 
  1991  with  IMF  and  World  Bank  support,  Burundi  is  trying  to  diversify 
  its  agricultural  exports,  attract  foreign  investment  in  industry,  and 
  modernize  government  budgetary  practices.  Although  the  government 
  remains  committed  to  reforms,  it  fears  new  austerity  measures  would 
  add  to  ethnic  tensions. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $3.7  billion  (1994 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  -13.5%  (1994  est.) 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $600  (1994  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  10%  (1993  est.) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  NA% 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $318  million 
  expenditures:  $326  million,  including  capital  expenditures  of  $150 
  million  (1991  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $68  million  (f.o.b.,  1993) 
  commodities:  coffee  81%,  tea,  cotton,  hides,  and  skins 
  partners:  EC  57%,  US  19%,  Asia  1% 
 
  Imports:  $203  million  (c.i.f.,  1993) 
  commodities:  capital  goods  31%,  petroleum  products  15%,  foodstuffs, 
  consumer  goods 
  partners:  EC  45%,  Asia  29%,  US  2% 
 
  External  debt:  $1.05  billion  (1994  est.) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  11%  (1991  est.);  accounts  for  about 
  15%  of  GDP 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  55,000  kW 
  production:  100  million  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  20  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  light  consumer  goods  such  as  blankets,  shoes,  soap; 
  assembly  of  imported  components;  public  works  construction;  food 
  processing 
 
  Agriculture:  accounts  for  50%  of  GDP;  cash  crops  -  coffee,  cotton, 
  tea;  food  crops  -  corn,  sorghum,  sweet  potatoes,  bananas,  manioc; 
  livestock  -  meat,  milk,  hides  and  skins 
 
  Economic  aid: 
  recipient:  US  commitments,  including  Ex-Im  (FY70-89),  $71  million; 
  Western  (non-US)  countries,  ODA  and  OOF  bilateral  commitments 
  (1970-89),  $10.2  billion;  OPEC  bilateral  aid  (1979-89),  $32  million; 
  Communist  countries  (1970-89),  $175  million 
 
  Currency:  1  Burundi  franc  (FBu)  =  100  centimes 
 
  Exchange  rates:  Burundi  francs  (FBu)  per  US$1  -  248.51  (December 
  1994),  252.66  (1994),  242.78  (1993),  208.30  (1992),  181.51  (1991), 
  171.26  (1990),  158.67  (1989),  140.40  (1988) 
 
  Fiscal  year:  calendar  year 
 
  Burundi:Transportation 
 
  Railroads:  0  km 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  5,900  km 
  paved:  640  km 
  unpaved:  gravel,  crushed  stone  2,260  km  improved,  unimproved  earth 
  3,000  km  (1990) 
 
  Inland  waterways:  Lake  Tanganyika 
 
  Ports:  Bujumbura 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  4 
  with  paved  runways  over  3,047  m:  1 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  1 
  with  unpaved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  2 
 
  Burundi:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  8,000  telephones;  primative  system;  telephone 
  density  -  1.3  telephones/1,000  persons 
  local:  NA 
  intercity:  sparse  system  of  wire,  radiocommunications,  and 
  low-capacity  microwave  radio  relay  links 
  international:  1  INTELSAT  (Indian  Ocean)  earth  station 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  2,  FM  2,  shortwave  0 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  1 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Burundi:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  Army  (includes  naval  and  air  units),  paramilitary 
  Gendarmerie 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  1,350,042;  males  fit  for 
  military  service  705,864;  males  reach  military  age  (16)  annually 
  73,308  (1995  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  exchange  rate  conversion  -  $25  million,  2.6%  of 
  GDP  (1993) 
 
 
 

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