2  definitions  found 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Luxembourg 
  n  1:  the  capital  and  largest  city  of  Luxembourg  [syn:  {Luxembourg}, 
  {Luxemburg},  {Luxembourg  City},  {capital  of  Luxembourg}] 
  2:  a  grand  duchy  (a  constitutional  monarchy)  in  northwestern 
  Europe  between  France  and  Belgium  and  Germany;  an 
  international  financial  center  [syn:  {Luxembourg},  {Luxemburg}] 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Luxembourg 
 
  Luxembourg:Geography 
 
  Location:  Western  Europe,  between  France  and  Germany 
 
  Map  references:  Europe 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  2,586  sq  km 
  land  area:  2,586  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  smaller  than  Rhode  Island 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  359  km  Belgium  148  km  France  73  km  Germany 
  138  km 
 
  Coastline:  0  km  (landlocked) 
 
  Maritime  claims:  none;  landlocked 
 
  International  disputes:  none 
 
  Climate:  modified  continental  with  mild  winters,  cool  summers 
 
  Terrain:  mostly  gently  rolling  uplands  with  broad,  shallow  valleys; 
  uplands  to  slightly  mountainous  in  the  north;  steep  slope  down  to 
  Moselle  floodplain  in  the  southeast 
 
  Natural  resources:  iron  ore  (no  longer  exploited) 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  24% 
  permanent  crops:  1% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  20% 
  forest  and  woodland:  21% 
  other:  34% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  NA  sq  km 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  deforestation;  air  and  water  pollution  in  urban  areas 
  natural  hazards:  NA 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Air  Pollution,  Air 
  Pollution-Nitrogen  Oxides,  Air  Pollution-Sulphur  85,  Air 
  Pollution-Volatile  Organic  Compounds,  Biodiversity,  Climate  Change, 
  Endangered  Species,  Hazardous  Wastes,  Marine  Dumping,  Nuclear  Test 
  Ban,  Ozone  Layer  Protection,  Ship  Pollution,  Tropical  Timber  83; 
  signed,  but  not  ratified  -  Air  Pollution-Sulphur  94,  Desertification 
  Environmental  Modification,  Law  of  the  Sea 
 
  Note:  landlocked 
 
  Luxembourg:People 
 
  Population:  404,660  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  18%  (female  35,372;  male  36,645) 
  15-64  years:  68%  (female  136,960;  male  137,792) 
  65  years  and  over:  14%  (female  35,774;  male  22,117)  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  0.57%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  12.61  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  9.42  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  2.47  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  6.6  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  76.95  years 
  male:  73.31  years 
  female:  80.75  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  1.65  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Luxembourger(s) 
  adjective:  Luxembourg 
 
  Ethnic  divisions:  Celtic  base  (with  French  and  German  blend), 
  Portuguese,  Italian,  and  European  (guest  and  worker  residents) 
 
  Religions:  Roman  Catholic  97%,  Protestant  and  Jewish  3% 
 
  Languages:  Luxembourgisch  German,  French,  English 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  can  read  and  write  (1980  est.) 
  total  population:  100% 
  male:  100% 
  female:  100% 
 
  Labor  force:  177,300  (one-third  of  labor  force  is  foreign  workers, 
  mostly  from  Portugal,  Italy,  France,  Belgium,  and  Germany) 
  by  occupation:  services  65%,  industry  31.6%,  agriculture  3.4%  (1988) 
 
  Luxembourg:Government 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  Grand  Duchy  of  Luxembourg 
  conventional  short  form:  Luxembourg 
  local  long  form:  Grand-Duche  de  Luxembourg 
  local  short  form:  Luxembourg 
 
  Digraph:  LU 
 
  Type:  constitutional  monarchy 
 
  Capital:  Luxembourg 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  3  districts;  Diekirch  Grevenmacher 
  Luxembourg 
 
  Independence:  1839 
 
  National  holiday:  National  Day  23  June  (1921)  (public  celebration  of 
  the  Grand  Duke's  birthday) 
 
  Constitution:  17  October  1868,  occasional  revisions 
 
  Legal  system:  based  on  civil  law  system;  accepts  compulsory  ICJ 
  jurisdiction 
 
  Suffrage:  18  years  of  age;  universal  and  compulsory 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state:  Grand  Duke  JEAN  (since  12  November  1964);  Heir 
  Apparent  Prince  HENRI  (son  of  Grand  Duke  JEAN,  born  16  April  1955) 
  head  of  government:  Prime  Minister  Jean-Claude  JUNKER  (since  1  January 
  1994);  Vice  Prime  Minister  Jacques  F.  POOS  (since  21  July  1984) 
  cabinet:  Council  of  Ministers;  appointed  by  the  sovereign 
 
  Legislative  branch:  unicameral 
  Chamber  of  Deputies  (Chambre  des  Deputes):  elections  last  held  on  12 
  June  1994  (next  to  be  held  by  June  1999);  results  -  percent  of  vote  by 
  party  NA  seats  -  (60  total)  CSV  21,  LSAP  17,  DP  12,  Action  Committee 
  for  Democracy  and  Pension  Rights  5,  Greens  5 
  note:  the  Council  of  State  (Conseil  d'Etat)  is  an  advisory  body  whose 
  views  are  considered  by  the  Chamber  of  Deputies 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Superior  Court  of  Justice  (Cour  Superieure  de 
  Justice) 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  Christian  Social  People's  Party  (CSV), 
  Erna  HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES;  Socialist  Workers  Party  (LSAP),  Ben  FAYOT; 
  Democratic  Party  (DP),  Henri  GRETHEN;  Action  Committee  for  Democracy 
  and  Pension  Rights,  Roby  MEHLEN;  other  minor  parties 
 
  Other  political  or  pressure  groups:  group  of  steel  companies 
  representing  iron  and  steel  industry;  Centrale  Paysanne  representing 
  agricultural  producers;  Christian  and  Socialist  labor  unions; 
  Federation  of  Industrialists;  Artisans  and  Shopkeepers  Federation 
 
  Member  of:  ACCT,  Australia  Group  Benelux,  CCC,  CE  EBRD,  EC  ECE, 
  EIB,  FAO,  GATT,  IAEA,  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICC,  ICFTU  ICRM,  IDA,  IEA,  IFAD, 
  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  IMO,  INTELSAT,  INTERPOL,  IOC,  IOM,  ITU,  MTCR, 
  NACC,  NATO,  NEA,  NSG,  OECD  OSCE,  PCA,  UN  UNCTAD  UNESCO,  UNIDO  UPU, 
  WCL,  WEU,  WHO  WIPO,  WMO,  ZC 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Alphonse  BERNS 
  chancery:  2200  Massachusetts  Avenue  NW  Washington,  DC  20008 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  265-4171 
  FAX:  [1]  (202)  328-8270 
  consulate(s)  general:  New  York  and  San  Francisco 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Clay  CONSTANTINOU 
  embassy:  22  Boulevard  Emmanuel-Servais,  2535  Luxembourg  City 
  mailing  address:  PSC  11,  Luxembourg  City;  APO  AE  09132-5380 
  telephone:  [352]  46  01  23 
  FAX:  [352]  46  14  01 
 
  Flag:  three  equal  horizontal  bands  of  red  (top),  white,  and  light 
  blue;  similar  to  the  flag  of  the  Netherlands,  which  uses  a  darker  blue 
  and  is  shorter;  design  was  based  on  the  flag  of  France 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  The  stable,  prosperous  economy  features  moderate  growth,  low 
  inflation,  and  negligible  unemployment.  Agriculture  is  based  on  small 
  but  highly  productive  family-owned  farms.  The  industrial  sector,  until 
  recently  dominated  by  steel,  has  become  increasingly  more  diversified, 
  particularly  toward  high-technology  firms.  During  the  past  decade, 
  growth  in  the  financial  sector  has  more  than  compensated  for  the 
  decline  in  steel.  Services,  especially  banking,  account  for  a  growing 
  proportion  of  the  economy.  Luxembourg  participates  in  an  economic 
  union  with  Belgium  on  trade  and  most  financial  matters,  is  also 
  closely  connected  economically  to  the  Netherlands,  and  as  a  member  of 
  the  15-member  European  Union  enjoys  the  advantages  of  the  open 
  European  market. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $9.2  billion  (1994 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  2.6%  (1994  est.) 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $22,830  (1994  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  3.6%  (1992) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  2.4%  (1994) 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $4  billion 
  expenditures:  $4.05  billion,  including  capital  expenditures  of  $NA 
  (1994  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $6.4  billion  (f.o.b.,  1991  est.) 
  commodities:  finished  steel  products,  chemicals,  rubber  products, 
  glass,  aluminum,  other  industrial  products 
  partners:  EC  76%,  US  5% 
 
  Imports:  $8.3  billion  (c.i.f.,  1991  est.) 
  commodities:  minerals,  metals,  foodstuffs,  quality  consumer  goods 
  partners:  Belgium  37%,  Germany  31%,  France  12%,  US  2% 
 
  External  debt:  $800  million  (1994  est.) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  -0.5%  (1990);  accounts  for  25%  of 
  GDP 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  1,238,750  kW 
  production:  1.374  billion  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  3,395  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  banking,  iron  and  steel,  food  processing,  chemicals,  metal 
  products,  engineering,  tires,  glass,  aluminum 
 
  Agriculture:  accounts  for  less  than  3%  of  GDP  (including  forestry); 
  principal  products  -  barley,  oats,  potatoes,  wheat,  fruits,  wine 
  grapes;  cattle  raising  widespread 
 
  Economic  aid:  none 
 
  Currency:  1  Luxembourg  franc  (LuxF)  =  100  centimes 
 
  Exchange  rates:  Luxembourg  francs  (LuxF)  per  US$1  -  31.549  (January 
  1995),  33,456  (1994),  34.597  (1993),  32.150  (1992),  34.148  (1991), 
  33.418  (1990);  note  -  the  Luxembourg  franc  is  at  par  with  the  Belgian 
  franc,  which  circulates  freely  in  Luxembourg 
 
  Fiscal  year:  calendar  year 
 
  Luxembourg:Transportation 
 
  Railroads: 
  total:  271  km 
  standard  gauge:  271  km  1.435-m  gauge  (243  km  electrified;  178  km 
  double  track)  (1994) 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  5,108  km 
  paved:  5,062  km  (95  km  of  limited  access  divided  highway) 
  unpaved:  46  km  (1992) 
 
  Inland  waterways:  37  km  Moselle  River 
 
  Pipelines:  petroleum  products  48  km 
 
  Ports:  Mertert 
 
  Merchant  marine: 
  total:  45  ships  (1,000  GRT  or  over)  totaling  1,129,466  GRT/1,790,988 
  DWT 
  ships  by  type:  bulk  6,  cargo  2,  chemical  tanker  4,  combination  bulk  6, 
  container  2,  liquefied  gas  tanker  8,  oil  tanker  7,  passenger  2, 
  refrigerated  cargo  6,  roll-on/roll-off  cargo  2 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  2 
  with  paved  runways  over  3,047  m:  1 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  1 
 
  Luxembourg:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  230,000  telephones;  highly  developed,  completely 
  automated  and  efficient  system,  mainly  buried  cables;  nationwide 
  mobile  phone  system 
  local:  NA 
  intercity:  buried  cable 
  international:  3  channels  leased  on  TAT-6  coaxial  submarine  cable 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  2,  FM  3,  shortwave  0 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  3  and  1  direct-broadcast  satellite  link 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Luxembourg:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  Army,  National  Gendarmerie 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  103,990;  males  fit  for  military 
  service  85,912;  males  reach  military  age  (19)  annually  2,190  (1995 
  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  exchange  rate  conversion  -  $129  million,  1.2%  of 
  GDP  (1994) 
 
 
 

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