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mexicomore about mexico

mexico


  3  definitions  found 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  Mexico 
  n  :  a  Republic  in  southern  North  America;  became  independent 
  from  Spain  in  1821  [syn:  {Mexico}] 
 
  From  U.S.  Gazetteer  (1990)  [gazetteer]: 
 
  Mexico,  IN  (CDP,  FIPS  48636) 
  Location:  40.81292  N,  86.11087  W 
  Population  (1990):  1003  (405  housing  units) 
  Area:  13.9  sq  km  (land),  0.0  sq  km  (water) 
  Mexico,  ME  (CDP,  FIPS  45250) 
  Location:  44.55450  N,  70.53601  W 
  Population  (1990):  2302  (1005  housing  units) 
  Area:  2.6  sq  km  (land),  0.1  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  04257 
  Mexico,  MO  (city,  FIPS  47648) 
  Location:  39.16648  N,  91.87064  W 
  Population  (1990):  11290  (5020  housing  units) 
  Area:  25.7  sq  km  (land),  0.8  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  65265 
  Mexico,  NY  (village,  FIPS  46811) 
  Location:  43.46410  N,  76.23499  W 
  Population  (1990):  1555  (692  housing  units) 
  Area:  5.5  sq  km  (land),  0.0  sq  km  (water) 
  Zip  code(s):  13114 
 
  From  The  CIA  World  Factbook  (1995)  [world95]: 
 
  Mexico 
 
  Mexico:Geography 
 
  Location:  Middle  America,  bordering  the  Caribbean  Sea  and  the  Gulf  of 
  Mexico,  between  Belize  and  the  US  and  bordering  the  North  Pacific 
  Ocean,  between  Guatamala  and  the  US 
 
  Map  references:  North  America 
 
  Area: 
  total  area:  1,972,550  sq  km 
  land  area:  1,923,040  sq  km 
  comparative  area:  slightly  less  than  three  times  the  size  of  Texas 
 
  Land  boundaries:  total  4,538  km  Belize  250  km  Guatemala  962  km  US 
  3,326  km 
 
  Coastline:  9,330  km 
 
  Maritime  claims: 
  contiguous  zone:  24  nm 
  continental  shelf:  200  nm  or  to  the  edge  of  the  continental  margin 
  exclusive  economic  zone:  200  nm 
  territorial  sea:  12  nm 
 
  International  disputes:  claims  Clipperton  Island  (French  possession) 
 
  Climate:  varies  from  tropical  to  desert 
 
  Terrain:  high,  rugged  mountains,  low  coastal  plains,  high  plateaus, 
  and  desert 
 
  Natural  resources:  petroleum,  silver,  copper,  gold,  lead,  zinc, 
  natural  gas,  timber 
 
  Land  use: 
  arable  land:  12% 
  permanent  crops:  1% 
  meadows  and  pastures:  39% 
  forest  and  woodland:  24% 
  other:  24% 
 
  Irrigated  land:  51,500  sq  km  (1989  est.) 
 
  Environment: 
  current  issues:  natural  fresh  water  resources  scarce  and  polluted  in 
  north,  inaccessible  and  poor  quality  in  center  and  extreme  southeast; 
  raw  sewage  and  industrial  effluents  polluting  rivers  in  urban  areas; 
  deforestation;  widespread  erosion;  desertification  serious  air 
  pollution  in  the  national  capital  and  urban  centers  along  US-Mexico 
  border 
  natural  hazards:  tsunamis  along  the  Pacific  coast,  destructive 
  earthquakes  in  the  center  and  south,  and  hurricanes  on  the  Gulf  and 
  Caribbean  coasts 
  international  agreements:  party  to  -  Biodiversity,  Climate  Change, 
  Endangered  Species,  Hazardous  Wastes,  Law  of  the  Sea,  Marine  Dumping, 
  Marine  Life  Conservation,  Nuclear  Test  Ban,  Ozone  Layer  Protection, 
  Ship  Pollution,  Wetlands,  Whaling;  signed,  but  not  ratified  - 
  Desertification 
 
  Note:  strategic  location  on  southern  border  of  US 
 
  Mexico:People 
 
  Population:  93,985,848  (July  1995  est.) 
 
  Age  structure: 
  0-14  years:  37%  (female  17,028,091;  male  17,631,110) 
  15-64  years:  59%  (female  28,429,663;  male  26,866,886) 
  65  years  and  over:  4%  (female  2,184,998;  male  1,845,100)  (July  1995 
  est.) 
 
  Population  growth  rate:  1.9%  (1995  est.) 
 
  Birth  rate:  26.64  births/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Death  rate:  4.64  deaths/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Net  migration  rate:  -3.03  migrant(s)/1,000  population  (1995  est.) 
 
  Infant  mortality  rate:  26  deaths/1,000  live  births  (1995  est.) 
 
  Life  expectancy  at  birth: 
  total  population:  73.34  years 
  male:  69.74  years 
  female:  77.11  years  (1995  est.) 
 
  Total  fertility  rate:  3.09  children  born/woman  (1995  est.) 
 
  Nationality: 
  noun:  Mexican(s) 
  adjective:  Mexican 
 
  Ethnic  divisions:  mestizo  (Indian-Spanish)  60%,  Amerindian  or 
  predominantly  Amerindian  30%,  Caucasian  or  predominantly  Caucasian  9%, 
  other  1% 
 
  Religions:  nominally  Roman  Catholic  89%,  Protestant  6% 
 
  Languages:  Spanish,  various  Mayan  dialects 
 
  Literacy:  age  15  and  over  can  read  and  write  (1990) 
  total  population:  88% 
  male:  90% 
  female:  85% 
 
  Labor  force:  26.2  million  (1990) 
  by  occupation:  services  31.7%,  agriculture,  forestry,  hunting,  and 
  fishing  28%,  commerce  14.6%,  manufacturing  11.1%,  construction  8.4%, 
  transportation  4.7%,  mining  and  quarrying  1.5% 
 
  Mexico:Government 
 
  Names: 
  conventional  long  form:  United  Mexican  States 
  conventional  short  form:  Mexico 
  local  long  form:  Estados  Unidos  Mexicanos 
  local  short  form:  Mexico 
 
  Digraph:  MX 
 
  Type:  federal  republic  operating  under  a  centralized  government 
 
  Capital:  Mexico 
 
  Administrative  divisions:  31  states  (estados,  singular  -  estado)  and  1 
  federal  district*  (distrito  federal);  Aguascalientes  Baja  California, 
  Baja  California  Sur,  Campeche  Chiapas  Chihuahua,  Coahuila  de 
  Zaragoza,  Colima,  Distrito  Federal*,  Durango,  Guanajuato  Guerrero 
  Hidalgo,  Jalisco  Mexico,  Michoacan  de  Ocampo  Morelos  Nayarit  Nuevo 
  Leon,  Oaxaca,  Puebla,  Queretaro  de  Arteaga  Quintana  Roo,  San  Luis 
  Potosi,  Sinaloa  Sonora,  Tabasco,  Tamaulipas  Tlaxcala 
  Veracruz-Llave,  Yucatan,  Zacatecas 
 
  Independence:  16  September  1810  (from  Spain) 
 
  National  holiday:  Independence  Day  16  September  (1810) 
 
  Constitution:  5  February  1917 
 
  Legal  system:  mixture  of  US  constitutional  theory  and  civil  law 
  system;  judicial  review  of  legislative  acts  accepts  compulsory  ICJ 
  jurisdiction,  with  reservations 
 
  Suffrage:  18  years  of  age;  universal  and  compulsory  (but  not  enforced) 
 
  Executive  branch: 
  chief  of  state  and  head  of  government:  President  Ernesto  ZEDILLO  Ponce 
  de  Leon  (since  1  December  1994);  election  last  held  on  21  August  1994 
  (next  to  be  held  NA);  results  -  Ernesto  ZEDILLO  Ponce  de  Leon  (PRI) 
  50.18%,  Cuauhtemoc  CARDENAS  Solorzano  (PRD)  17.08%,  Diego  FERNANDEZ  de 
  Cevallos  (PAN)  26.69%;  other  6.049% 
  cabinet:  Cabinet;  appointed  by  the  president 
 
  Legislative  branch:  bicameral  National  Congress  (Congreso  de  la  Union) 
 
  Senate  (Camara  de  Senadores):  elections  last  held  on  21  August  1994 
  (next  to  be  held  NA);  results  -  percent  of  vote  by  party  NA  seats  in 
  full  Senate  -  (128  total;  Senate  expanded  from  64  seats  at  the  last 
  election)  PRI  93,  PRD  25,  PAN  10 
  Chamber  of  Deputies  (Camara  de  Diputados):  elections  last  held  on  24 
  August  1994  (next  to  be  held  NA);  results  -  percent  of  vote  by  party 
  NA  seats  -  (500  total)  PRI  300,  PAN  119,  PRD  71,  PFCRN  10 
 
  Judicial  branch:  Supreme  Court  of  Justice  (Corte  Suprema  de  Justicia) 
 
  Political  parties  and  leaders:  (recognized  parties)  Institutional 
  Revolutionary  Party  (PRI),  Maria  de  los  Angeles  MORENO;  National 
  Action  Party  (PAN),  Carlos  CASTILLO;  Popular  Socialist  Party  (PPS), 
  Indalecio  SAYAGO  Herrera  Democratic  Revolutionary  Party  (PRD), 
  Porfirio  MUNOZ  Ledo;  Cardenist  Front  for  the  National  Reconstruction 
  Party  (PFCRN),  Rafael  AGUILAR  Talamantes  Authentic  Party  of  the 
  Mexican  Revolution  (PARM),  Rosa  Maria  MARTINEZ  Denagri  Democratic 
  Forum  Party  (PFD),  Pablo  Emilio  MADERO;  Mexican  Green  Ecologist  Party 
  (PVEM),  Jorge  GONZALEZ  Torres 
 
  Other  political  or  pressure  groups:  Roman  Catholic  Church; 
  Confederation  of  Mexican  Workers  (CTM);  Confederation  of  Industrial 
  Chambers  (CONCAMIN);  Confederation  of  National  Chambers  of  Commerce 
  (CONCANACO);  National  Peasant  Confederation  (CNC);  Revolutionary 
  Workers  Party  (PRT);  Revolutionary  Confederation  of  Workers  and 
  Peasants  (CROC);  Regional  Confederation  of  Mexican  Workers  (CROM); 
  Confederation  of  Employers  of  the  Mexican  Republic  (COPARMEX); 
  National  Chamber  of  Transformation  Industries  (CANACINTRA); 
  Coordinator  for  Foreign  Trade  Business  Organizations  (COECE); 
  Federation  of  Unions  Providing  Goods  and  Services  FESEBES 
 
  Member  of:  AG  (observer),  APEC,  BCIE,  CARICOM  (observer),  CCC,  CDB, 
  CG  EBRD,  ECLAC  FAO,  G-  6,  G-11,  G-15,  G-19,  G-24,  GATT,  IADB,  IAEA, 
  IBRD,  ICAO,  ICC,  ICFTU  ICRM,  IDA,  IFAD,  IFC,  IFRCS  ILO,  IMF,  IMO, 
  INMARSAT  INTELSAT,  INTERPOL,  IOC,  IOM  (observer),  ISO,  ITU,  LAES, 
  LAIA,  NAM  (observer),  OAS,  OECD  ONUSAL  OPANAL  PCA,  RG  UN  UNCTAD 
  UNESCO,  UNIDO  UNITAR,  UNU,  UPU,  WCL,  WFTU  WHO  WIPO,  WMO,  WTO 
 
  Diplomatic  representation  in  US: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  Jesus  SILVA  HERZOG  Flores 
  chancery:  1911  Pennsylvania  Avenue  NW  Washington,  DC  20006 
  telephone:  [1]  (202)  728-1600 
  consulate(s)  general:  Atlanta,  Chicago,  Dallas,  Denver,  El  Paso, 
  Houston,  Los  Angeles,  Miami,  New  Orleans,  New  York,  San  Antonio,  San 
  Diego,  San  Francisco,  San  Juan  (Puerto  Rico) 
  consulate(s):  Albuquerque,  Austin,  Boston,  Brownsville  (Texas), 
  Calexico  (California),  Corpus  Christi,  Del  Rio  (Texas),  Detroit,  Eagle 
  Pass  (Texas),  Fresno  (California),  Loredo,  McAllen  (Texas),  Midland 
  (Texas),  Nogales  (Arizona),  Oxnard  (California),  Philadelphia, 
  Phoenix,  Sacramento,  St  Louis,  Salt  Lake  City,  San  Bernardino,  San 
  Jose,  Santa  Ana,  Seattle 
 
  US  diplomatic  representation: 
  chief  of  mission:  Ambassador  James  R.  JONES 
  embassy:  Paseo  de  la  Reforma  305,  Colonia  Cuauhtemoc  06500  Mexico, 
  Distrito  Federal 
  mailing  address:  P.  O.  Box  3087,  Laredo,  TX  78044-3087 
  telephone:  [52]  (5)  211-0042 
  FAX:  [52]  (5)  511-9980,  208-3373 
  consulate(s)  general:  Ciudad  Juarez,  Guadalajara,  Monterrey,  Tijuana 
  consulate(s):  Hermosillo,  Matamoros,  Merida,  Nuevo  Laredo 
 
  Flag:  three  equal  vertical  bands  of  green  (hoist  side),  white,  and 
  red;  the  coat  of  arms  (an  eagle  perched  on  a  cactus  with  a  snake  in 
  its  beak)  is  centered  in  the  white  band 
 
  Economy 
 
  Overview:  Mexico,  under  the  guidance  of  new  President  Ernesto  ZEDILLO 
  entered  1995  in  the  midst  of  a  severe  financial  crisis.  Mexico's 
  membership  in  the  North  American  Free  Trade  Agreement  (NAFTA)  with  the 
  United  States  and  Canada,  its  solid  record  of  economic  reforms,  and 
  its  strong  growth  in  the  second  and  third  quarters  of  1994  -  at  an 
  annual  rate  of  3.8%  and  4.5%  respectively  -  seemed  to  augur  bright 
  prospects  for  1995.  However,  an  overvalued  exchange  rate  and  widening 
  current  account  deficits  created  an  imbalance  that  ultimately  proved 
  unsustainable  To  finance  the  trade  gap,  Mexico  City  had  become 
  increasingly  reliant  on  volatile  portfolio  investment.  A  series  of 
  political  shocks  in  1994  -  an  uprising  in  the  southern  state  of 
  Chiapas  the  assassination  of  a  presidential  candidate,  several  high 
  profile  kidnappings,  the  killing  of  a  second  high-level  political 
  figure,  and  renewed  threats  from  the  Chiapas  rebels  -  combined  with 
  rising  international  interest  rates  and  concerns  of  a  devaluation  to 
  undermine  investor  confidence  and  prompt  massive  outflows  of  capital. 
  The  dwindling  of  foreign  exchange  reserves,  which  the  central  bank  had 
  been  using  to  defend  the  currency,  forced  the  new  administration  to 
  change  the  exchange  rate  policy  and  allow  the  currency  to  float  freely 
  in  the  last  days  of  1994.  The  adjustment  roiled  Mexican  financial 
  markets,  leading  to  a  30%  to  40%  weakening  of  the  peso  relative  to  the 
  dollar.  ZEDILLO  announced  an  emergency  economic  program  that  included 
  federal  budget  cuts  and  plans  for  more  privatizations  but  it  failed 
  to  restore  investor  confidence  quickly.  While  the  devaluation  is 
  likely  to  help  Mexican  exporters,  whose  products  are  now  cheaper,  it 
  also  raises  the  specter  of  an  inflationary  spiral  if  domestic 
  producers  increase  their  prices  and  workers  demand  wage  hikes. 
  Although  strong  economic  fundamentals  bode  well  for  Mexico's 
  longer-term  outlook,  prospects  for  solid  growth  and  low  inflation  have 
  deteriorated  considerably,  at  least  through  1995. 
 
  National  product:  GDP  -  purchasing  power  parity  -  $728.7  billion  (1994 
  est.) 
 
  National  product  real  growth  rate:  3.5%  (1994  est.) 
 
  National  product  per  capita:  $7,900  (1994  est.) 
 
  Inflation  rate  (consumer  prices):  7.1%  (1994  est.) 
 
  Unemployment  rate:  9.8%  (1994  est.) 
 
  Budget: 
  revenues:  $96.99  billion  (1994  est.) 
  expenditures:  $96.51  billion  (1994  est.),  including  capital 
  expenditures  of  $NA  (1994  est.) 
 
  Exports:  $60.8  billion  (f.o.b.,  1994  est.),  includes  in-bond 
  industries 
  commodities:  crude  oil,  oil  products,  coffee,  silver,  engines,  motor 
  vehicles,  cotton,  consumer  electronics 
  partners:  US  82%,  Japan  1.4%,  EC  5%  (1993  est.) 
 
  Imports:  $79.4  billion  (f.o.b.,  1994  est.),  includes  in-bond 
  industries 
  commodities:  metal-working  machines,  steel  mill  products,  agricultural 
  machinery,  electrical  equipment,  car  parts  for  assembly,  repair  parts 
  for  motor  vehicles,  aircraft,  and  aircraft  parts 
  partners:  US  74%,  Japan  4.7%,  EC  11%  (1993  est.) 
 
  External  debt:  $128  billion  (1994  est.) 
 
  Industrial  production:  growth  rate  4.5%  (1994  est.) 
 
  Electricity: 
  capacity:  28,780,000  kW 
  production:  122  billion  kWh 
  consumption  per  capita:  1,239  kWh  (1993) 
 
  Industries:  food  and  beverages,  tobacco,  chemicals,  iron  and  steel, 
  petroleum,  mining,  textiles,  clothing,  motor  vehicles,  consumer 
  durables,  tourism 
 
  Agriculture:  accounts  for  7%  of  GDP;  large  number  of  small  farms  at 
  subsistence  level;  major  food  crops  -  corn,  wheat,  rice,  beans;  cash 
  crops  -  cotton,  coffee,  fruit,  tomatoes 
 
  Illicit  drugs:  illicit  cultivation  of  opium  poppy  and  cannabis 
  continues  in  spite  of  government  eradication  program;  major  supplier 
  of  heroin  and  marijuana  to  the  US  market;  continues  as  the  primary 
  transshipment  country  for  US-bound  cocaine  and  marijuana  from  South 
  America;  increasingly  involved  in  the  production  and  distribution  of 
  methamphetamine 
 
  Economic  aid: 
  recipient:  US  commitments,  including  Ex-Im  (FY70-89),  $3.1  billion; 
  Western  (non-US)  countries,  ODA  and  OOF  bilateral  commitments 
  (1970-89),  $7.7  billion;  Communist  countries  (1970-89),  $110  million 
 
  Currency:  1  New  Mexican  peso  (Mex$)  =  100  centavos 
 
  Exchange  rates:  market  rate  of  Mexican  pesos  (Mex$)  per  US$1  -  6.736 
  (average  in  March  1995),  5.5133  (January  1995),  3.3751  (1994),  3.1156 
  (1993),  3,094.9  (1992),  3,018.4  (1991),  2,812.6  (1990) 
  note:  the  new  peso  replaced  the  old  peso  on  1  January  1993;  1  new  peso 
  =  1,000  old  pesos 
 
  Fiscal  year:  calendar  year 
 
  Mexico:Transportation 
 
  Railroads: 
  total:  24,500  km 
  standard  gauge:  24,410  km  1.435-m  gauge 
  narrow  gauge:  93  km  0.914-m  gauge 
 
  Highways: 
  total:  242,300  km 
  paved:  84,800  km  (including  3,166  km  of  expressways) 
  unpaved:  gravel  and  earth  157,500  km 
 
  Inland  waterways:  2,900  km  navigable  rivers  and  coastal  canals 
 
  Pipelines:  crude  oil  28,200  km  petroleum  products  10,150  km  natural 
  gas  13,254  km  petrochemical  1,400  km 
 
  Ports:  Acapulco,  Altamira  Coatzacoalcos  Ensenada  Guaymas  La  Paz, 
  Lazaro  Cardenas  Manzanillo,  Mazatlan,  Progreso,  Salina  Cruz,  Tampico, 
  Topolobampo  Tuxpan  Veracruz 
 
  Merchant  marine: 
  total:  59  ships  (1,000  GRT  or  over)  totaling  949,271  GRT/1,340,595  DWT 
 
  ships  by  type:  bulk  1,  cargo  2,  chemical  tanker  4,  container  7, 
  liquefied  gas  tanker  7,  oil  tanker  30,  refrigerated  cargo  2, 
  roll-on/roll-off  cargo  2,  short-sea  passenger  4 
 
  Airports: 
  total:  2,055 
  with  paved  runways  over  3,047  m:  9 
  with  paved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  25 
  with  paved  runways  1,524  to  2,437  m:  82 
  with  paved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  75 
  with  paved  runways  under  914  m:  1,262 
  with  unpaved  runways  over  3,047  m:  1 
  with  unpaved  runways  2,438  to  3,047  m:  2 
  with  unpaved  runways  1,524  to  2,438  m:  60 
  with  unpaved  runways  914  to  1,523  m:  539 
 
  Mexico:Communications 
 
  Telephone  system:  6,410,000  telephones;  highly  developed  system  with 
  extensive  microwave  radio  relay  links;  privatized  in  December  1990 
  local:  adequate  phone  service  for  business  and  government,  but  at  a 
  density  of  less  than  7  telephones/100  persons,  the  population  is 
  poorly  served 
  intercity:  includes  120  domestic  satellite  terminals  and  an  extensive 
  network  of  microwave  radio  relay  links 
  international:  5  INTELSAT  (4  Atlantic  Ocean  and  1  Pacific  Ocean)  earth 
  stations;  connected  into  Central  America  Microwave  System;  launched 
  Solidarity  I  satellite  in  November  1993 
 
  Radio: 
  broadcast  stations:  AM  679,  FM  0,  shortwave  22 
  radios:  NA 
 
  Television: 
  broadcast  stations:  238 
  televisions:  NA 
 
  Mexico:Defense  Forces 
 
  Branches:  National  Defense  (includes  Army  and  Air  Force),  Navy 
  (includes  Marines) 
 
  Manpower  availability:  males  age  15-49  23,354,445;  males  fit  for 
  military  service  17,029,788;  males  reach  military  age  (18)  annually 
  1,054,513  (1995  est.) 
 
  Defense  expenditures:  $NA,  NA%  of  GDP 
 
 
 




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